OCC Anatomy & Physiology Relevant to Casting 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which compartment of the lower leg contains the anterior tibial artery and deep peroneal nerve?
- Anterior compartment (Correct answer)
- Posterior compartment
- Lateral compartment
- Deep posterior compartment
Correct answer: Anterior compartment
The anterior compartment of the lower leg contains the anterior tibial artery, deep peroneal nerve, and the dorsiflexor muscles.
Question 2: The epiphyseal plate (growth plate) in a pediatric patient is composed primarily of which tissue?
- Hyaline cartilage (Correct answer)
- Fibrocartilage
- Elastic cartilage
- Dense fibrous tissue
Correct answer: Hyaline cartilage
The epiphyseal plate consists of hyaline cartilage where longitudinal bone growth occurs in children.
Question 3: Which blood vessel is most at risk of compression when applying a cast at the antecubital fossa?
- Brachial artery (Correct answer)
- Radial artery
- Ulnar artery
- Axillary artery
Correct answer: Brachial artery
The brachial artery runs through the antecubital fossa and is vulnerable to compression from tight cast edges or padding in that area.
Question 4: The peroneal (fibular) nerve wraps around which bony prominence, making it especially vulnerable during lower extremity casting?
- Fibular head (Correct answer)
- Medial malleolus
- Lateral malleolus
- Tibial tuberosity
Correct answer: Fibular head
The common peroneal nerve wraps around the fibular head, where pressure from cast edges can cause foot drop.
Question 5: During fracture healing, which phase involves the formation of a soft callus by chondrocytes?
- Soft callus phase (Correct answer)
- Inflammatory phase
- Hard callus phase
- Remodeling phase
Correct answer: Soft callus phase
The soft callus phase occurs when chondrocytes produce fibrocartilage that bridges the fracture gap before mineralization.
Question 6: The plantar aponeurosis originates from which structure and plays a key role in foot arch support?
- Calcaneus (Correct answer)
- Cuboid
- Navicular
- Talus
Correct answer: Calcaneus
The plantar fascia/aponeurosis originates from the medial tubercle of the calcaneus and supports the longitudinal arch of the foot.
Question 7: Which type of joint allows the rotational movement required for forearm pronation and supination?
- Pivot joint (Correct answer)
- Hinge joint
- Ball-and-socket joint
- Gliding joint
Correct answer: Pivot joint
Pivot joints, such as the proximal and distal radioulnar joints, allow the rotation needed for pronation and supination.
OCC Anatomy & Physiology Relevant to Casting 2
Which compartment of the lower leg contains the anterior tibial artery and deep peroneal nerve?