OAT Genetics and Evolution 2

Question 1

In incomplete dominance, two homozygous parents (red × white flowers) produce offspring with pink flowers.
When the pink offspring are crossed together, what phenotypic ratio is expected in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

1 red : 2 pink : 1 white

Answer

3 red : 1 white

Answer

1 red : 1 white

Answer

All pink

Question 2

Which of the following best describes epistasis?

Accepted Answer

One gene's alleles masking or modifying the expression of a different gene

Answer

Two alleles at the same locus masking each other

Answer

Independent assortment of two unlinked genes

Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes

Question 3

What is the Hardy-Weinberg equation used to calculate?

Accepted Answer

The expected allele and genotype frequencies in a non-evolving population

Answer

The rate of mutation in a population

Answer

The number of generations needed for fixation of an allele

Answer

The degree of relatedness between two individuals

Question 4

Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. Two carriers have children together. What fraction of their children would be expected to be carriers but unaffected?

Accepted Answer

1/2

Answer

1/4

Answer

3/4

Answer

All children

Question 5

Which process generates the greatest genetic diversity during sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis

Answer

DNA replication

Answer

Mitosis and cytokinesis

Answer

Transcription and translation

Question 6

According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, which individuals are most likely to contribute offspring to the next generation?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with traits best suited to their environment

Answer

The largest individuals in the population

Answer

The oldest individuals in the population

Answer

Individuals that reproduce asexually

Question 7

A gene has two alleles with frequencies p = 0.7 and q = 0.3 in a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. What is the expected frequency of heterozygotes?

Accepted Answer

0.42

Answer

0.09

Answer

0.21

Answer

0.49