OAT General Biology 2

Question 1

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

The Golgi apparatus receives proteins from the ER and modifies, sorts, and packages them into vesicles for secretion or intracellular use.

Question 2

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis I anaphase

Answer

Homologous chromosome pairs separate during anaphase I of meiosis, while sister chromatids separate during anaphase II.

Question 3

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

Accepted Answer

tRNA

Answer

Transfer RNA (tRNA) has an anticodon that matches the mRNA codon and carries the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome.

Question 4

The sodium-potassium pump moves ions against their concentration gradient, making it an example of:

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Active transport uses ATP energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, as the Na⁺/K⁺ pump does by moving 3 Na⁺ out and 2 K⁺ in per cycle.

Question 5

Which enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix ahead of the replication fork?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Answer

Helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between base pairs to unwind and separate the two DNA strands at the replication fork.

OAT - Optometry Admission Test Practice Test

OAT - Optometry Admission Test Practice Test

OAT General Biology 2