Organic Chemistry Reactions Flashcards
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Read the first 7 Organic Chemistry Reactions flashcards as text
Which reagent converts an alkene to a vicinal diol via a syn addition mechanism?
Answer: OsO4 followed by NaHSO3
OsO4 performs syn dihydroxylation, adding two OH groups to the same face of the alkene.
What is the major product when toluene reacts with Cl2 in the presence of FeCl3?
Answer: Ortho- and para-chlorotoluene
The methyl group is an ortho/para director, so electrophilic aromatic substitution gives predominantly ortho and para products.
Which of the following conditions promotes an E1 elimination reaction preferentially?
Answer: Weak base, polar protic solvent, high temperature
E1 is favored by weak bases, polar protic solvents, and elevated temperatures that stabilize carbocation intermediates.
What product forms when an ester is treated with excess Grignard reagent followed by aqueous workup?
Answer: Tertiary alcohol
Excess Grignard reacts twice with the ester—first to give a ketone intermediate, then again—yielding a tertiary alcohol.
In a Diels-Alder reaction, which diene conformation is required for the reaction to proceed?
Answer: S-cis
The diene must adopt the s-cis conformation so both ends can simultaneously bond to the dienophile.
Which reagent sequence converts a primary alkyl halide into a primary amine via the Gabriel synthesis?
Answer: Phthalimide/K2CO3, then N2H4
Gabriel synthesis alkylates potassium phthalimide, and hydrazinolysis cleaves the imide to yield the primary amine.
What is the stereochemical outcome of an SN2 reaction at a chiral center?
Answer: Inversion of configuration
The backside attack mechanism of SN2 results in inversion of configuration (Walden inversion).