OAE Early Childhood Education Child Development Theories 3

Question 1

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level must be met BEFORE a child can focus on learning?

Accepted Answer

Physiological and safety needs

Answer

Maslow's hierarchy places physiological needs (food, shelter) and safety at the base; unmet basic needs prevent higher-level learning.

Question 2

Which theorist proposed that language development is primarily driven by an innate Language Acquisition Device (LAD)?

Accepted Answer

Noam Chomsky

Answer

Chomsky proposed the LAD as a biological mechanism that allows children to acquire language naturally and rapidly.

Question 3

Erikson's stage of 'Initiative vs. Guilt' corresponds to which age range?

Accepted Answer

3-5 years

Answer

During ages 3-5, children in the preschool stage take initiative in play and planning; excessive criticism leads to guilt.

Question 4

According to Vygotsky, which of the following BEST supports a child working within their ZPD?

Accepted Answer

Offering guided support from a more capable peer or adult

Answer

Working within the ZPD requires a more knowledgeable other (MKO) to provide support that stretches the child's current capabilities.

Question 5

Piaget's concept of 'assimilation' means a child is:

Accepted Answer

Incorporating new information into existing schemas

Answer

Assimilation occurs when a child interprets new experiences through the lens of already existing cognitive frameworks (schemas).

OAE - Early Childhood Education Exam Practice Test