O-Level Geography 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the tropical rainforest biome characterised by?
- Cold temperatures and sparse vegetation
- High temperatures, high rainfall, and dense vegetation year-round (Correct answer)
- Seasonal droughts and grasslands
- Low humidity and cacti
Correct answer: High temperatures, high rainfall, and dense vegetation year-round
Tropical rainforests have consistently high temperatures (around 26-27°C), very high annual rainfall (over 2000mm), and dense, layered vegetation with exceptional biodiversity.
Question 2: What causes earthquakes?
- Volcanic eruptions only
- The movement of tectonic plates along fault lines (Correct answer)
- Heavy rainfall
- Ocean currents
Correct answer: The movement of tectonic plates along fault lines
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy when tectonic plates move along fault lines, releasing seismic waves that shake the ground.
Question 3: What is 'urbanisation'?
- The decline of cities
- The process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in urban areas (Correct answer)
- The beautification of rural areas
- The movement of industries to rural areas
Correct answer: The process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in urban areas
Urbanisation is the increasing proportion of a country's population living in urban (city/town) areas, usually driven by rural-urban migration and natural population growth.
Question 4: Which ocean current moderates the climate of Western Europe?
- California Current
- Labrador Current
- Gulf Stream/North Atlantic Drift (Correct answer)
- Humboldt Current
Correct answer: Gulf Stream/North Atlantic Drift
The Gulf Stream / North Atlantic Drift is a warm ocean current that moderates Western Europe's climate, keeping it warmer than its latitude would suggest.
Question 5: What is the term for the gradual degradation of land in arid areas due to human activity and climate change?
- Urbanisation
- Desertification (Correct answer)
- Salinisation
- Afforestation
Correct answer: Desertification
Desertification is the process by which fertile land in dryland areas becomes desert due to drought, deforestation, overgrazing, and poor agricultural practices.
Question 6: Which gas is primarily responsible for stratospheric ozone depletion?
- Carbon dioxide
- Methane
- Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) (Correct answer)
- Sulfur dioxide
Correct answer: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), used in refrigerants and aerosols, release chlorine atoms in the stratosphere that catalytically destroy ozone molecules.
O-Level Geography 4
What is the tropical rainforest biome characterised by?