NYLE Cheat Sheet 2026

The 30 highest-yield NYLE facts, distilled from real exam questions. Print it, save it as a PDF, or study it here — free, no sign-up.

1. Under New York's bail reform laws (effective 2020), for which category of offenses must the court generally release the defendant without monetary bail? → Most misdemeanors and non-violent felonies
2. Which constitutional principle most directly underlies the CPLR's requirements for proper service of process on a defendant? → Procedural Due Process
3. Affix-and-mail service is: → Not accessible unless delivery-by-mail and personal delivery are not possible.
4. Which of the following is NOT a required formality for a valid and enforceable prenuptial agreement under New York Domestic Relations Law § 236(B)(3)? → The agreement must be reviewed by independent legal counsel for each party.
5. Under the CPLR, when is interlocutory appellate review available as of right? → From orders granting or denying a provisional remedy such as a preliminary injunction
6. Attendees at an administrative hearing: → may be counseled and accompanied.
7. Which of the following principles requires a party to raise all available administrative remedies before seeking judicial review in New York? → Exhaustion of administrative remedies
8. Under federal Section 1983, what is the applicable statute of limitations for a civil rights claim brought in New York federal court? → 3 years
9. When a New York administrative agency interprets its own regulation, what level of deference do courts typically afford? → The agency's interpretation is given deference unless irrational or unreasonable
10. The constitutional right to privacy, as recognized in Griswold v. Connecticut, is derived from: → Penumbras and emanations of specific Bill of Rights guarantees
11. Under NY CPLR 6301, what must a plaintiff demonstrate to obtain a preliminary injunction? → Likelihood of success, irreparable injury, and that the balance of equities favors relief
12. In New York, a plaintiff's failure to prosecute an action may result in dismissal under which CPLR provision? → CPLR 3216
13. Which of the following is NOT an essential element for the creation of a valid express trust in New York? → A written instrument signed and notarized.
14. Under New York law, what is the 'perfect tender rule' as applied under UCC Article 2? → A buyer may reject goods if they fail in any respect to conform to the contract
15. Under New York equal protection doctrine, what level of scrutiny applies to a law that classifies individuals based on sex? → Intermediate scrutiny
16. Under UCC Article 9 as adopted in New York, a security interest in most business personal property is perfected by filing a UCC-1 financing statement where? → With the New York Secretary of State's UCC Division
17. Under BCL § 630, what is the personal liability of the ten largest shareholders of certain New York corporations? → They are jointly and severally liable for unpaid wages and salaries of corporate employees
18. In New York, which of the following is NOT a ground for challenging an administrative determination under CPLR Article 78? → The agency's policy is unwise or imprudent
19. In New York, what is the statute of limitations for a cause of action based on non-medical professional malpractice, such as legal or accounting malpractice? → Three years from the date of the malpractice.
20. Under NY law, what is the statute of limitations for commencing an Article 78 proceeding to challenge an administrative determination? → Four months from the date the determination becomes final and binding
21. Under New York's due process doctrine, what minimum procedural protections must be provided before a tenured public employee is terminated? → Pre-termination notice and opportunity to respond, followed by a post-termination hearing
22. Under New York RPC 1.6, what is the scope of the attorney's duty of confidentiality? → It covers all information relating to the representation, regardless of the source
23. Under the Establishment Clause, a government action is most likely unconstitutional if it: → Endorses or coerces participation in religious activity
24. Under New York law, when may a prior inconsistent statement be used as substantive evidence rather than merely for impeachment? → When the prior statement was made under oath at a proceeding
25. Under New York's State Administrative Procedure Act (SAPA), which of the following is required before an agency can adopt a new rule? → Publication in the NY Register and a public comment period
26. Under the Takings Clause of the Fifth Amendment, a regulatory taking requiring just compensation occurs when a government regulation: → Denies the owner all economically beneficial use of the property
27. By establishing rules and regulations, the legislature may give administrative agencies the authority to close any gaps in the legislative output. → In line with the enabling legislation
28. A content-based restriction on speech in a traditional public forum must survive: → Strict scrutiny — narrowly tailored to serve a compelling government interest
29. Under rational basis review, a law will be upheld if it is: → Rationally related to a legitimate government interest
30. Under the BCL, what vote is generally required to approve a merger of two New York corporations? → Two-thirds of the outstanding shares entitled to vote