Mixed Deck — All NURSING SCHOOL Topics Flashcards
21 cards from real NURSING SCHOOL practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 20 Mixed Deck — All NURSING SCHOOL Topics flashcards as text
Which position is recommended to prevent aspiration in a patient receiving enteral tube feedings?
Answer: Head of bed elevated 30–45 degrees
Elevating the head of the bed 30–45 degrees during and after tube feedings reduces the risk of aspiration by using gravity to keep the stomach contents from refluxing.
A patient's urine output over 8 hours is 200 mL. How should the nurse interpret this finding?
Answer: Oliguria — below the expected minimum output
Normal urine output is approximately 30 mL/hr; 200 mL over 8 hours (25 mL/hr) is below the minimum threshold and indicates oliguria.
A nurse is preparing to perform hand hygiene. According to the CDC, how long should hands be scrubbed with soap and water?
Answer: At least 20 seconds
The CDC recommends scrubbing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds to effectively reduce microbial load.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube. Before administering tube feeding, what is the first action?
Answer: Verify tube placement by checking pH or x-ray confirmation
Verifying NG tube placement before each feeding is the priority to prevent aspiration pneumonia from inadvertent pulmonary feeding.
Which of the following is a correct technique when taking an oral temperature with a glass thermometer?
Answer: Wait 15 minutes after the patient drinks cold water before measuring
Eating, drinking, or smoking can alter oral temperature readings, so the nurse should wait 15–30 minutes after these activities for an accurate result.
A nurse is about to administer a medication. Which of the following is the correct order of the 'rights' of medication administration?
Answer: Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time
The five rights of medication administration are: right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time — all must be verified before giving any medication.
During assessment, a nurse auscultates the lungs and hears a crackling, bubbling sound on inspiration. This is documented as:
Answer: Crackles (rales)
Crackles (rales) are discontinuous crackling or bubbling sounds heard on inspiration, often associated with fluid in the airways or alveoli.
When performing a sterile dressing change, the nurse accidentally touches the sterile field with an ungloved hand. What should the nurse do?
Answer: Discard the sterile field and set up a new one
Any contact with a sterile field by an unsterile item renders the entire field contaminated; a new sterile setup must be prepared.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a stage 2 pressure ulcer. Which description best matches this finding?
Answer: Partial-thickness skin loss with a shallow open wound
A stage 2 pressure ulcer involves partial-thickness skin loss presenting as a shallow open wound with a pink or red wound bed, without slough.
A nurse is using the SBAR communication tool. What does the 'R' in SBAR stand for?
Answer: Recommendation
In SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation), the 'R' stands for Recommendation — the nurse's suggested action or intervention.
When documenting in a patient's medical record, which principle is most important?
Answer: Record entries that are accurate, timely, and objective
Accurate, timely, and objective documentation is the legal and professional standard for medical recordkeeping.
A patient is admitted with dehydration. Which assessment finding is most consistent with this condition?
Answer: Decreased skin turgor and dry mucous membranes
Decreased skin turgor and dry mucous membranes are classic clinical signs of dehydration due to reduced fluid volume in the tissues.
Which pain assessment scale is most appropriate for a non-verbal patient or an infant?
Answer: FLACC Scale
The FLACC scale (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) is designed to assess pain in non-verbal patients, including infants and unconscious individuals.
Which action best demonstrates respect for a patient's autonomy?
Answer: Allowing the patient to refuse treatment after being informed of the risks
Patient autonomy means the right to make informed decisions about their own care, including the right to refuse treatment.
A nurse is preparing to give an injection. Which site is most appropriate for an intramuscular (IM) injection in an adult?
Answer: Ventrogluteal muscle
The ventrogluteal site is the preferred IM injection site in adults because it has the fewest major nerves and blood vessels and consistently thick muscle mass.
A patient is placed in Fowler's position. At what angle is the head of the bed elevated?
Answer: 45–60 degrees
Fowler's position elevates the head of the bed to 45–60 degrees, which is the standard angle for this semi-upright position.
What is the primary purpose of the nursing process?
Answer: To provide a systematic framework for individualized patient care
The nursing process (ADPIE) provides a systematic, evidence-based framework to deliver individualized, patient-centered care.
Which nursing intervention is the highest priority for a patient experiencing anaphylaxis?
Answer: Administer epinephrine and maintain airway
Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis and maintaining airway patency is the priority because airway compromise can be life-threatening.
Which vital sign finding should be reported to the charge nurse immediately in an adult patient?
Answer: Heart rate of 112 beats per minute
A heart rate of 112 bpm indicates tachycardia, which is above the normal adult range of 60–100 bpm and requires prompt assessment.
When caring for a patient in contact precautions, the nurse should don PPE in which order before entering the room?
Answer: Mask, goggles, gown, gloves
For contact precautions, the correct donning order is mask (if required), goggles/face shield, gown, then gloves — the gloves go on last to maintain cleanliness.