Fundamentals of Nursing Flashcards
7 cards from real NURSING SCHOOL practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Fundamentals of Nursing flashcards as text
During assessment, a nurse auscultates the lungs and hears a crackling, bubbling sound on inspiration. This is documented as:
Answer: Crackles (rales)
Crackles (rales) are discontinuous crackling or bubbling sounds heard on inspiration, often associated with fluid in the airways or alveoli.
Which of the following is a correct technique when taking an oral temperature with a glass thermometer?
Answer: Wait 15 minutes after the patient drinks cold water before measuring
Eating, drinking, or smoking can alter oral temperature readings, so the nurse should wait 15–30 minutes after these activities for an accurate result.
A nurse applies standard precautions. Which patient condition requires droplet precautions in addition to standard precautions?
Answer: Influenza
Influenza is transmitted via respiratory droplets and therefore requires droplet precautions in addition to standard precautions.
A patient's urine output over 8 hours is 200 mL. How should the nurse interpret this finding?
Answer: Oliguria — below the expected minimum output
Normal urine output is approximately 30 mL/hr; 200 mL over 8 hours (25 mL/hr) is below the minimum threshold and indicates oliguria.
When performing a sterile dressing change, the nurse accidentally touches the sterile field with an ungloved hand. What should the nurse do?
Answer: Discard the sterile field and set up a new one
Any contact with a sterile field by an unsterile item renders the entire field contaminated; a new sterile setup must be prepared.
Which nursing intervention is the highest priority for a patient experiencing anaphylaxis?
Answer: Administer epinephrine and maintain airway
Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis and maintaining airway patency is the priority because airway compromise can be life-threatening.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube. Before administering tube feeding, what is the first action?
Answer: Verify tube placement by checking pH or x-ray confirmation
Verifying NG tube placement before each feeding is the priority to prevent aspiration pneumonia from inadvertent pulmonary feeding.