Research & Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards
7 cards from real NP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Research & Evidence-Based Practice flashcards as text
A clinical practice guideline recommends a treatment with a Grade 1B strength of recommendation. What does this mean?
Answer: Strong recommendation based on moderate-quality evidence
In GRADE terminology, Grade 1 means strong recommendation (benefits clearly outweigh risks) and Grade B indicates moderate-quality evidence.
Which study design is most appropriate for examining the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in rural communities?
Answer: Cross-sectional study
Cross-sectional studies measure the prevalence of a condition in a defined population at a single point in time.
An NP calculates the number needed to treat (NNT) as 20. How should this be communicated to a patient?
Answer: 20 patients must be treated for one additional patient to benefit from the treatment
NNT represents the number of patients who must receive the treatment for one additional patient to experience a benefit compared to the control.
When appraising a diagnostic test study, which statistical measure best describes a test's ability to rule OUT a disease when negative?
Answer: High sensitivity
A highly sensitive test has few false negatives; a negative result on a highly sensitive test effectively rules out the disease (SnNout mnemonic).
Which element of an informed consent process is most critical for research participants?
Answer: Voluntary participation with the right to withdraw without penalty
Voluntariness and the right to withdraw without penalty or loss of benefits are foundational ethical requirements for research participation.
An NP reads a study with p=0.03. Which statement best describes what this means?
Answer: There is a 3% probability of observing results this extreme if the null hypothesis is true
The p-value represents the probability of obtaining results at least as extreme as observed, assuming the null hypothesis is true.
In translating evidence into practice, the Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice recommends which initial step?
Answer: Identifying a practice trigger or clinical problem
The Iowa Model begins with identifying a problem-focused or knowledge-focused trigger that prompts the need for practice change.