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Research & Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards

7 cards from real NP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Research & Evidence-Based Practice flashcards as text

  1. A nurse practitioner is critically appraising a randomized controlled trial. Which element most directly addresses internal validity?

    Answer: Adequate allocation concealment

    Allocation concealment prevents selection bias by ensuring assignment is hidden until enrollment, directly protecting internal validity.

  2. When using the PICO framework, what does the 'C' component represent?

    Answer: Comparison or control intervention

    In PICO, 'C' stands for Comparison, the alternative intervention or control against which the intervention is measured.

  3. A study reports a relative risk of 0.60 for a new antihypertensive drug. How should an NP interpret this finding?

    Answer: The treatment group had 40% lower risk of the outcome than the control group

    A relative risk of 0.60 means the treatment group's risk is 60% of the control group's risk, representing a 40% relative risk reduction.

  4. Which type of bias occurs when patients who are lost to follow-up differ systematically from those who complete a study?

    Answer: Attrition bias

    Attrition bias (also called withdrawal bias) occurs when systematic differences exist between participants who drop out and those who remain.

  5. An NP wants to find the highest-quality pre-appraised evidence quickly. Which resource is most appropriate?

    Answer: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

    Cochrane systematic reviews represent the gold standard for pre-appraised, synthesized evidence and are designed to minimize bias.

  6. In a meta-analysis forest plot, what does a diamond that crosses the line of no effect indicate?

    Answer: The pooled result is not statistically significant

    When the diamond (representing pooled effect and its CI) crosses the line of no effect (typically 1.0 for RR or 0 for MD), the result is not statistically significant.

  7. A qualitative study uses purposive sampling. What is the primary purpose of this approach?

    Answer: To select participants who can provide rich, relevant information about the phenomenon

    Purposive sampling intentionally selects information-rich participants who have direct experience with the phenomenon being studied.