Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Flashcards
7 cards from real NP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pediatric Nurse Practitioner flashcards as text
A 4-year-old with recurrent ear infections has persistent middle ear effusion for 4 months bilaterally with a 25 dB hearing loss. What is the recommended management?
Answer: Tympanostomy tube insertion
Persistent bilateral otitis media with effusion causing ≥20 dB hearing loss for ≥3 months meets AAP criteria for tympanostomy tube referral.
Which electrolyte abnormality is most characteristic of pyloric stenosis?
Answer: Hypochloremic hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis
Pyloric stenosis causes loss of hydrochloric acid and potassium through vomiting, resulting in hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis.
A 6-year-old is brought in for bedwetting 3-4 nights per week. He has never had a dry night. What is this condition called?
Answer: Primary nocturnal enuresis
Primary nocturnal enuresis refers to bedwetting in a child who has never achieved a consistent dry period, distinguishing it from secondary enuresis which follows a dry period.
Which finding is most consistent with Kawasaki disease in a 3-year-old with 6 days of fever?
Answer: Strawberry tongue with peeling fingertips
Kawasaki disease is characterized by strawberry tongue (oral mucosal changes), non-exudative conjunctivitis, rash, lymphadenopathy, and desquamation of fingertips/toes.
A 16-year-old female reports not having her first menstrual period. Physical exam shows breast development at Tanner stage 4 and sparse pubic hair. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) presents in 46,XY individuals with female phenotype, normal breast development, absent/sparse pubic hair, and primary amenorrhea.
A 9-month-old is noted to have a fixed, non-reactive right pupil with no history of trauma. Which condition must be ruled out first?
Answer: Retinoblastoma
Retinoblastoma can present with leukocoria (white pupillary reflex) and a fixed pupil; it is a life-threatening malignancy requiring urgent ophthalmologic evaluation.
A 14-month-old is not yet walking and has hypertonia in the lower extremities with brisk deep tendon reflexes. Which diagnosis is most likely?
Answer: Spastic diplegic cerebral palsy
Spastic diplegia is the most common form of cerebral palsy, presenting with hypertonia, hyperreflexia, and delayed walking predominantly affecting the lower limbs.