Clinical Knowledge Flashcards

A responsive adult is choking and cannot speak or cough effectively. What is the correct immediate action?

Answer: Perform the Heimlich maneuver (abdominal thrusts) immediately

For a conscious adult with a severe airway obstruction who cannot speak or cough, perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) immediately.

What does a GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) score of 8 or below indicate?

Answer: Severe brain injury requiring airway protection

A GCS of 8 or less indicates severe neurological impairment and the patient likely cannot protect their airway.

Which of the following best describes distributive shock?

Answer: Abnormal vasodilation causing relative hypovolemia

Distributive shock (including septic, anaphylactic, and neurogenic shock) occurs when widespread vasodilation causes blood to pool away from vital organs.

When assessing a patient's breathing, which finding would be MOST concerning?

Answer: Agonal respirations (gasping) in an unresponsive patient

Agonal respirations are irregular gasping breaths that indicate the brain is no longer controlling breathing normally and CPR should be initiated.

A patient has a suspected spinal injury. Which action should be avoided unless absolutely necessary?

Answer: Moving the patient without proper spinal precautions

Moving a patient with a suspected spinal injury without proper immobilization can worsen the injury and cause permanent paralysis.

What is the correct depth of chest compressions for an average adult during CPR?

Answer: 2 to 2.4 inches

AHA guidelines specify chest compressions should be at least 2 inches but no more than 2.4 inches deep for adults.

Which of the following is the correct treatment for a patient experiencing a seizure?

Answer: Protect the patient from injury and place them on their side after the seizure

During a seizure, protect the patient from surrounding hazards and place them in the recovery position afterward to maintain the airway.