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Thermoregulation and Temperature Management Flashcards

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  1. Therapeutic hypothermia (controlled cooling) is the established neuroprotective treatment for which neonatal condition?

    Answer: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE)

    Therapeutic hypothermia is the standard neuroprotective treatment for moderate-to-severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in term and near-term neonates.

  2. What is the standard target core temperature for whole-body therapeutic hypothermia in eligible neonates?

    Answer: 33-34°C (91.4-93.2°F)

    Clinical protocols target a core temperature of 33-34°C (91.4-93.2°F) during therapeutic hypothermia to reduce secondary neuronal injury after HIE.

  3. For how long is therapeutic hypothermia typically maintained in eligible neonates with HIE?

    Answer: 72 hours

    Major randomized controlled trials established 72 hours as the standard duration for therapeutic hypothermia, after which gradual rewarming is initiated.

  4. Which of the following clinical findings may indicate hypothermia in a newborn?

    Answer: Poor feeding, lethargy, and cold extremities

    Hypothermic newborns typically present with poor feeding, lethargy, cold extremities, and pallor due to peripheral vasoconstriction and decreased metabolic activity.

  5. Hyperthermia (temperature >38°C) during or after neonatal resuscitation is associated with which outcome?

    Answer: Increased risk of brain injury and worsened outcomes

    Hyperthermia increases excitotoxicity and metabolic demands in injured brain tissue, and is associated with worsened neurological outcomes, particularly after perinatal asphyxia.

  6. When a preterm infant is placed in both a polyethylene wrap AND on a chemical warming mattress, the primary concern is:

    Answer: Risk of overheating (hyperthermia)

    Combining multiple warming interventions (polyethylene wrap, chemical mattress, and radiant warmer) can cause hyperthermia; temperature must be monitored closely when using these together.

  7. Which metabolic complication is commonly caused by cold stress and hypothermia in newborns?

    Answer: Hypoglycemia

    Hypothermia triggers cold stress, which increases metabolic rate and energy expenditure, rapidly depleting glucose stores and causing hypoglycemia.