Functional Training and Gait Flashcards

During normal gait, when does the center of mass reach its lowest point?

Answer: During loading response (foot flat)

The center of mass reaches its lowest point during double support (loading response) and its highest point during midstance, producing an inverted pendulum pattern.

Which assistive device provides the most stability for a patient who is non-weight-bearing on the right lower extremity?

Answer: Standard walker

A standard walker provides the greatest base of support and stability for a non-weight-bearing patient, particularly for those with balance and strength limitations.

A patient with a right hip replacement is using a cane. In which hand should the cane be held?

Answer: Left hand (contralateral to the affected hip)

The cane is held in the contralateral (left) hand so it advances with the affected right leg, reducing the load on the hip abductors and the involved joint.

Which gait pattern is safest for a patient who is touch-down weight-bearing (TDWB) using axillary crutches on a staircase going up?

Answer: Lead with the unaffected leg up, then bring crutches and affected leg

The mnemonic 'good goes up, bad goes down' applies: the unaffected leg leads going up stairs, and the affected leg leads going down stairs.

What is the primary purpose of the push-off phase (terminal stance to pre-swing) in the gait cycle?

Answer: Forward propulsion of the body

The push-off phase generates forward propulsion via ankle plantarflexion, providing the energy needed to advance the limb into swing and propel the body forward.

Which adaptive equipment modification helps a patient with severe bilateral grip weakness to perform self-feeding?

Answer: Universal cuff (utensil holder)

A universal cuff attaches a utensil to the hand without requiring grip, enabling self-feeding for patients with severe grip weakness or paralysis.