NPS Infection Prevention and Control 2

Question 1

During an outbreak of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in a NICU, which pathogen is most commonly implicated in epidemic NEC clusters?

Accepted Answer

Cronobacter sakazakii

Answer

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer

Rotavirus

Answer

Group B Streptococcus

Question 2

Which element of the central line insertion bundle is considered most critical for CLABSI prevention?

Accepted Answer

Maximal sterile barrier precautions during catheter insertion

Answer

Selecting the femoral vein as the preferred insertion site

Answer

Routine catheter replacement every 72 hours

Answer

Prophylactic antibiotic administration at time of insertion

Question 3

What is the recommended empirical antibiotic regimen for early-onset neonatal sepsis in a term neonate?

Accepted Answer

Ampicillin and gentamicin

Answer

Vancomycin and cefotaxime

Answer

Meropenem and vancomycin

Answer

Clindamycin and azithromycin

Question 4

A transport team prepares to move a neonate with confirmed pertussis. What isolation precautions are required during transport?

Accepted Answer

Droplet precautions

Answer

Standard precautions only

Answer

Contact precautions only

Answer

Airborne precautions with N95 respirator

Question 5

What is the minimum recommended duration of antibiotic therapy for confirmed gram-negative neonatal bacterial meningitis?

Accepted Answer

21 days minimum

Answer

7 days

Answer

10–14 days

Answer

14–21 days

Question 6

Which healthcare worker behavior is the most modifiable and impactful risk factor for MRSA transmission in the NICU?

Accepted Answer

Inadequate hand hygiene between patient contacts

Answer

Use of shared stethoscopes without disinfection

Answer

Speaking without a mask near the isolette

Answer

Using the same blood pressure cuff on multiple patients

Question 7

Which antiseptic agent used for central venous catheter skin preparation in preterm neonates carries a risk of systemic iodine absorption leading to hypothyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Povidone-iodine

Answer

70% isopropyl alcohol

Answer

Chlorhexidine gluconate

Answer

Benzalkonium chloride