Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Flashcards
6 cards from real NOCTI practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving flashcards as text
What is the first step in the systematic problem-solving process?
Answer: Identify and define the problem
The first step in systematic problem-solving is clearly identifying and defining the problem, as solving the wrong problem wastes time and resources.
Which logical fallacy involves attacking the person making an argument rather than addressing the argument itself?
Answer: Ad hominem fallacy
An ad hominem fallacy occurs when someone attacks the character or personal attributes of the person making an argument instead of engaging with the substance of the argument.
What is a root cause analysis?
Answer: A systematic process for identifying the fundamental cause of a problem
Root cause analysis is a systematic approach to identifying the fundamental, underlying cause of a problem rather than just addressing surface-level symptoms.
In decision-making, what is the purpose of a SWOT analysis?
Answer: To evaluate Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats
SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool that evaluates internal Strengths and Weaknesses and external Opportunities and Threats to inform decision-making.
What does 'critical thinking' primarily involve?
Answer: Objectively analyzing and evaluating information to form a reasoned judgment
Critical thinking is the disciplined process of actively and objectively analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information as a guide to belief and action.
What is the difference between deductive and inductive reasoning?
Answer: Deductive moves from general to specific; inductive moves from specific to general
Deductive reasoning starts with general principles and draws specific conclusions (top-down), while inductive reasoning starts with specific observations and develops general conclusions (bottom-up).