NOCTI Health Sciences Fundamentals 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What does the prefix 'brady-' mean in medical terminology?
- Fast
- Slow (Correct answer)
- Large
- Painful
Correct answer: Slow
The prefix 'brady-' means slow, as seen in bradycardia (slow heart rate) or bradypnea (slow breathing).
Question 2: Which of the following is the correct blood pressure reading considered normal for adults?
- 140/90 mmHg
- 120/80 mmHg (Correct answer)
- 100/60 mmHg
- 160/100 mmHg
Correct answer: 120/80 mmHg
A blood pressure reading of 120/80 mmHg is considered normal for adults according to American Heart Association guidelines.
Question 3: What is the function of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?
- It filters oxygen from the blood
- It is the primary muscle that drives inhalation and exhalation (Correct answer)
- It transfers carbon dioxide across the alveoli
- It regulates blood flow to the lungs
Correct answer: It is the primary muscle that drives inhalation and exhalation
The diaphragm is the dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that contracts during inhalation to expand the chest cavity and relax during exhalation.
Question 4: In the chain of infection, what is the 'mode of transmission'?
- The organism that causes disease
- The method by which a pathogen travels from reservoir to host (Correct answer)
- The location where an infection is acquired
- The person susceptible to infection
Correct answer: The method by which a pathogen travels from reservoir to host
Mode of transmission describes how a pathogen leaves its reservoir and reaches a susceptible host, such as direct contact, droplets, or airborne routes.
Question 5: What does the term 'triage' mean in emergency or clinical settings?
- Providing the same care to all patients simultaneously
- Sorting and prioritizing patients by urgency of need (Correct answer)
- Transferring patients to specialty facilities
- Documenting patient outcomes after treatment
Correct answer: Sorting and prioritizing patients by urgency of need
Triage is the process of sorting patients by the severity of their condition to prioritize who receives care first in emergency situations.
Question 6: Which of the following is an example of a pathogen?
- A red blood cell
- Staphylococcus aureus bacterium (Correct answer)
- A platelet
- A lymph node
Correct answer: Staphylococcus aureus bacterium
Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that is a well-known pathogen capable of causing a wide range of infections from minor skin conditions to life-threatening illness.
NOCTI Health Sciences Fundamentals 2
What does the prefix 'brady-' mean in medical terminology?