Clinical Flashcards
7 cards from real NMC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Clinical flashcards as text
When inserting a urinary catheter, which action is MOST important for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?
Answer: Maintaining strict aseptic technique throughout
Aseptic technique throughout catheter insertion is the primary intervention for preventing CAUTI.
A patient on a nasal cannula at 6 L/min has an SpO2 of 91%. Approximately what FiO2 does a nasal cannula at 6 L/min deliver?
Answer: 44%
A nasal cannula delivers approximately 20% + (4% × flow rate); at 6 L/min this equals approximately 44% FiO2.
The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) identifies a patient as high risk. What is the PRIORITY nursing action?
Answer: Refer to a dietitian and implement a nutritional care plan
A high MUST score requires specialist dietitian referral and an individualized nutritional care plan.
Prior to commencing a blood transfusion at the bedside, which of the following must be verified by the nurse?
Answer: Patient identity, blood group, compatibility label, expiry date, and visual integrity of the unit
Blood transfusion requires full bedside verification by two nurses to confirm all patient and product details before administration.
Before commencing enteral feeding via nasogastric tube, which action is MANDATORY?
Answer: Confirm tube position by pH testing of aspirate (pH ≤5.5)
Tube position must be confirmed using pH testing before every feed to prevent aspiration of feed into the lungs.
Which patient position is MOST beneficial for a patient experiencing acute pulmonary edema?
Answer: High Fowler's (sitting upright at 90°)
High Fowler's position reduces venous return to the heart and allows lung expansion, relieving dyspnea in pulmonary edema.
A catheterized patient on day 5 of admission reports suprapubic pain, and the urine is cloudy with an offensive odor. What is the PRIORITY action?
Answer: Notify the physician and send a catheter specimen of urine for culture
These are signs of CAUTI requiring medical escalation and urine culture to guide antibiotic therapy.