Clinical Flashcards
7 cards from real NMC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Clinical flashcards as text
A patient develops sudden urticaria, bronchospasm, and hypotension minutes after receiving IV penicillin. What is the FIRST intervention?
Answer: Administer IM adrenaline (epinephrine) 0.5 mg
IM epinephrine (adrenaline) 0.5 mg into the outer thigh is the immediate first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.
A post-surgical patient has a temperature of 38.6°C, HR 104 bpm, RR 23/min, and WBC 16,000/mm³. What condition should the nurse suspect?
Answer: Sepsis
These findings meet SIRS criteria in the context of a potential infection, indicating sepsis requiring urgent escalation.
A patient with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis requires isolation. Which type of precaution is REQUIRED?
Answer: Airborne precautions in a negative-pressure room
Pulmonary TB spreads via airborne particles requiring a negative-pressure room and N95 respirators for staff.
A nurse discovers an unresponsive patient in bed and calls for help. What is the NEXT immediate step?
Answer: Open the airway and check for breathing
After calling for help, the nurse must open the airway and check for breathing to determine whether CPR is required.
Where should a tourniquet be applied when controlling severe limb hemorrhage?
Answer: 5–8 cm proximal to the wound
A tourniquet must be placed 5–8 cm proximal (above) the wound on the limb to occlude blood flow effectively.
An MRSA-positive patient requests to walk in the ward corridor for exercise. What is the MOST appropriate response?
Answer: Explain that the patient must remain in their isolation room and offer in-room mobility alternatives
Contact precautions require MRSA-positive patients to remain in isolation; mobilization in common areas poses cross-infection risk.
According to the WHO 5 Moments of Hand Hygiene, when must hand hygiene be performed in relation to patient care?
Answer: Before patient contact, before aseptic procedures, after body fluid exposure, after patient contact, and after contact with patient surroundings
The WHO 5 Moments framework specifies five distinct indications for hand hygiene to protect both patients and healthcare workers.