NMC CBT Nutrition and Fluid Balance 3

Question 1

When re-checking nasogastric tube position during ongoing feeding, what is the recommended first-line method according to NPSA guidelines?

Accepted Answer

pH testing of gastric aspirate

Answer

Chest X-ray before every feed

Answer

Auscultation of air over the epigastrium

Answer

Visual inspection of the tube markings at the nostril

Question 2

A patient is prescribed a 500 mL bag of 0.9% sodium chloride to infuse over 4 hours. Using a standard giving set (20 drops/mL), what is the correct drip rate in drops per minute?

Accepted Answer

42 drops/min

Answer

21 drops/min

Answer

63 drops/min

Answer

84 drops/min

Question 3

Which body fluid compartment contains approximately two-thirds of the body's total water content?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular compartment

Answer

Intravascular compartment

Answer

Interstitial compartment

Answer

Transcellular compartment

Question 4

A patient with chronic heart failure has been prescribed furosemide. Which electrolyte imbalance is the nurse MOST likely to monitor for as a side effect?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalaemia

Answer

Hyperkalaemia

Answer

Hypernatraemia

Answer

Hypercalcaemia

Question 5

A patient is identified as at HIGH risk of malnutrition using the MUST tool. Which action is MOST appropriate as an immediate step?

Accepted Answer

Refer to the dietitian and implement a nutritional care plan

Answer

Reassess in one month

Answer

Encourage additional oral snacks without referral

Answer

Commence parenteral nutrition without dietitian review

Question 6

Which sign would MOST alert the nurse to a patient developing refeeding syndrome after commencing nutritional support?

Accepted Answer

Falling serum phosphate levels

Answer

Rising serum phosphate levels

Answer

Increasing serum potassium

Answer

Decreasing blood glucose

Question 7

A patient is nil by mouth post-operatively and receiving IV fluids only. After 24 hours, the fluid balance is recorded as +800 mL. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

The patient has received 800 mL more fluid than lost

Answer

The patient has excreted 800 mL more than received

Answer

The patient is dehydrated by 800 mL

Answer

The patient's urine output was 800 mL