NMC CBT NMC-CBT Safeguarding Vulnerable Adults and Children 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the primary purpose of a Safeguarding Adults Review (SAR) under the Care Act 2014?
- To assign criminal liability to individual staff members
- To learn lessons and improve future safeguarding practice when an adult has died or suffered serious harm (Correct answer)
- To replace the police investigation process
- To assess whether the local authority should increase its budget
Correct answer: To learn lessons and improve future safeguarding practice when an adult has died or suffered serious harm
A SAR is a statutory multi-agency review focused on learning lessons to prevent future harm, not on attributing individual blame.
Question 2: Which of the following signs is MOST consistent with fabricated or induced illness (FII) in a child?
- Consistent symptoms that respond predictably to standard treatment
- Symptoms that only occur or worsen when the caregiver is present and resolve in their absence (Correct answer)
- A child who frequently self-refers to the emergency department
- Unexplained weight loss in an otherwise active child
Correct answer: Symptoms that only occur or worsen when the caregiver is present and resolve in their absence
FII is characterised by symptoms that appear or worsen in the presence of the caregiver and resolve when the child is separated from them.
Question 3: A nurse works with a patient who is in a controlling relationship. The patient denies any problems. What legislative framework primarily addresses this situation in England and Wales?
- Mental Health Act 1983
- Serious Crime Act 2015 (coercive control offence) (Correct answer)
- Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004
- Health and Social Care Act 2012
Correct answer: Serious Crime Act 2015 (coercive control offence)
The Serious Crime Act 2015 created the offence of controlling or coercive behaviour in an intimate or family relationship in England and Wales.
Question 4: When sharing information for safeguarding purposes without consent, which principle should guide the decision?
- Information should never be shared without explicit written consent
- The public interest in protecting someone from harm can override the duty of confidentiality (Correct answer)
- Only police officers may authorise information sharing
- Information sharing is only lawful if the person is unconscious
Correct answer: The public interest in protecting someone from harm can override the duty of confidentiality
The NMC and UK law recognise that the public interest in preventing serious harm can lawfully override an individual's right to confidentiality.
Question 5: What does the term 'child criminal exploitation' (CCE) refer to?
- Children employed in hazardous labour environments
- Children manipulated or coerced by others into committing criminal acts for exploitation (Correct answer)
- Juvenile offending linked to poverty
- Children used as witnesses in adult criminal proceedings
Correct answer: Children manipulated or coerced by others into committing criminal acts for exploitation
CCE involves children being manipulated or forced into criminal activity such as drug running (county lines) for the benefit of exploitative adults.
Question 6: A nurse caring for a patient with dementia notices that their family carer appears exhausted and frustrated and has shouted at the patient. Which type of abuse does this MOST likely represent?
- Institutional abuse
- Carer stress leading to emotional/psychological abuse (Correct answer)
- Discriminatory abuse
- Self-neglect
Correct answer: Carer stress leading to emotional/psychological abuse
Shouting and verbal aggression toward a vulnerable adult constitutes emotional or psychological abuse, which may arise from carer burnout.
Question 7: Under Section 47 of the Children Act 1989, which agency has the lead responsibility for conducting child protection enquiries?
- The NHS Trust
- The National Probation Service
- The local authority children's social care (Correct answer)
- The school in which the child is enrolled
Correct answer: The local authority children's social care
Section 47 places the duty on the local authority to make enquiries when it has reasonable cause to suspect a child is suffering or at risk of significant harm.
NMC CBT NMC-CBT Safeguarding Vulnerable Adults and Children 3
What is the primary purpose of a Safeguarding Adults Review (SAR) under the Care Act 2014?