NMC CBT NMC-CBT Basic Life Support and Emergency Management 4

Question 1

A patient receiving IV heparin develops sudden hypotension, tachycardia, and distended neck veins with muffled heart sounds. Which condition does this presentation suggest?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac tamponade

Answer

Pulmonary embolism

Answer

Tension pneumothorax

Answer

Anaphylaxis

Question 2

During CPR, adrenaline 1mg IV is indicated. How frequently should adrenaline be given for a non-shockable rhythm?

Accepted Answer

Every 3-5 minutes (every other CPR cycle)

Answer

Every 2 minutes

Answer

As a single dose only

Answer

Every minute

Question 3

A nurse finds a patient with a GCS of 8 following a seizure. Using the ABCDE approach, what airway intervention takes priority?

Accepted Answer

Recovery position and continuous monitoring

Answer

Oral airway insertion (Guedel)

Answer

Immediate orotracheal intubation

Answer

Application of high-flow oxygen via non-rebreather mask only

Question 4

When defibrillation is required during resuscitation, which safety step must be completed immediately before delivering the shock?

Accepted Answer

Ensure all rescuers are clear of the patient and bed

Answer

Confirm IV adrenaline has been given

Answer

Check the rhythm on both AED leads

Answer

Pause compressions for 30 seconds

Question 5

A patient in sinus rhythm develops a sudden GCS drop to 9, SpO2 87% on room air, and RR 28. Which NEWS2 response level is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

High (score ≥7) — emergency response required

Answer

Low (score 1-4) — ward-based response

Answer

Medium (score 5-6) — urgent review by ward team

Answer

Zero — routine monitoring

Question 6

A child (approximately 8 years old) is found unresponsive and not breathing normally. At what compression-to-ventilation ratio should CPR be performed by a lone healthcare rescuer?

Accepted Answer

15:2

Answer

30:2

Answer

15:1

Answer

30:1

Question 7

A patient is in ventricular fibrillation. After the first shock, CPR is immediately resumed. At what point should the rhythm be re-analysed?

Accepted Answer

After 2 minutes of CPR

Answer

After 1 minute of CPR

Answer

Immediately after the shock

Answer

After 5 minutes of CPR