NMC-CBT Infection Prevention and Control Flashcards

A patient is diagnosed with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection. Which type of precautions should be implemented?

Answer: Contact precautions

C. diff requires contact precautions due to spore transmission via contaminated surfaces and hands.

When caring for a patient on contact precautions, a nurse must remove PPE in which order before leaving the room?

Answer: Gloves, gown, mask, hand hygiene

The correct doffing sequence is gloves first, then gown, then mask/respirator, followed by hand hygiene to prevent self-contamination.

Which disinfectant is most effective against C. difficile spores on environmental surfaces?

Answer: Sodium hypochlorite (bleach)

Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) is sporicidal and is the recommended agent for disinfecting surfaces in C. diff outbreaks.

A nurse is about to perform a urinary catheter insertion. Which hand hygiene technique is most appropriate immediately before the procedure?

Answer: Soap and water for 40–60 seconds

Soap and water for 40–60 seconds is required for invasive procedures and when hands are visibly soiled.

An outbreak of norovirus is suspected on a ward. Which action is the PRIORITY response?

Answer: Place affected patients in cohort isolation and restrict admissions

Cohorting affected patients and restricting ward admissions limits norovirus spread during an outbreak.

Which of the following is the MOST common cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?:

Answer: Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli is the most frequent pathogen responsible for catheter-associated urinary tract infections.

A nurse sustains a needlestick injury from a patient with unknown HIV status. What is the FIRST action to take?

Answer: Encourage bleeding and wash the wound thoroughly with soap and water

The immediate first step is to encourage bleeding and wash the site thoroughly with soap and running water.