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Phlebotomy and Lab Procedures Flashcards

7 cards from real NHI practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Phlebotomy and Lab Procedures flashcards as text

  1. Which tube additive is found in a green-top tube and is used for plasma chemistry tests?

    Answer: Heparin

    Green-top tubes contain heparin (lithium or sodium heparin), which inhibits thrombin and is used when plasma is needed for chemistry testing.

  2. What is the MAXIMUM recommended time a tourniquet should remain applied during venipuncture?

    Answer: 1 minute

    Tourniquets should not remain applied for more than 1 minute to prevent hemoconcentration and alteration of analyte levels.

  3. A patient has an IV line running in the left antecubital fossa. Where should the phlebotomist collect blood?

    Answer: From the right arm or a site distal to the IV in the same arm

    Blood should be drawn from the opposite arm or distal to the IV to avoid IV fluid contamination of the specimen.

  4. When collecting a specimen for a PKU (phenylketonuria) neonatal screen, what collection method is used?

    Answer: Heel stick onto a filter paper card

    Neonatal PKU screens use capillary blood from a heel stick applied directly to specific circles on a filter paper (Guthrie card).

  5. What term describes the clear, yellowish fluid that remains after blood has clotted and the clot is removed?

    Answer: Serum

    Serum is the liquid portion of blood after clotting; unlike plasma, it lacks fibrinogen and other clotting factors consumed in the clot.

  6. Which of the following BEST describes the 'butterfly' or winged infusion set?

    Answer: A small-gauge needle with flexible tubing used for difficult veins

    Butterfly needles (winged infusion sets) have small gauges and flexible tubing, making them ideal for fragile, small, or difficult veins such as in elderly or pediatric patients.

  7. After venipuncture, gauze is applied and the patient bends their arm to hold pressure. Why is bending the arm discouraged by many guidelines?

    Answer: It can increase bruising and hematoma formation at the puncture site

    Bending the arm can reopen the puncture site or increase venous pressure, promoting hematoma formation; direct pressure with the arm extended is preferred.