Firefighting Knowledge Flashcards

What does the term 'flashover' describe in firefighting?

Answer: The simultaneous ignition of all combustible materials in a compartment

Flashover occurs when all combustible surfaces in a room reach their ignition temperature simultaneously, causing near-instant full-room involvement.

Which hose line size is most commonly used for interior structural firefighting attack lines?

Answer: 1¾-inch hose

The 1¾-inch attack hose balances flow rate and maneuverability, making it the standard choice for interior structural firefighting.

What is the primary purpose of a positive pressure ventilation (PPV) fan?

Answer: To push fresh air into a structure to clear smoke

PPV fans are positioned at an entry point to push fresh air through the structure, driving smoke and hot gases out of exhaust openings.

In the context of wildland firefighting, what does 'spotting' refer to?

Answer: Embers carried by wind that start new fires ahead of the main fire

Spotting occurs when burning embers are lofted by fire-generated wind and land beyond the main fire perimeter, igniting new fires.

What is the recommended action when a firefighter encounters a closed door that is hot to the touch during a structure search?

Answer: Do not open it — the fire is likely directly behind the door

A hot door indicates fire conditions on the other side; opening it could cause rapid fire spread, flashover, or backdraft.

What type of extinguisher agent is most appropriate for a Class D metal fire?

Answer: Dry sand or specialized dry powder agent

Class D fires involve combustible metals like magnesium or sodium, which react violently with water and CO2; only dry sand or specialized dry powder agents are safe.

During a mayday transmission, what does the acronym LUNAR stand for?

Answer: Location, Unit, Name, Assignment, Resources needed

LUNAR (Location, Unit, Name, Assignment, Resources needed) is the standard format for a firefighter mayday call to transmit critical information quickly.