Next Structure and Components 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Compact bone is organized into structural units called:
- Trabeculae
- Osteons (Haversian systems) (Correct answer)
- Osteoblasts
- Periosteum
Correct answer: Osteons (Haversian systems)
Osteons are the cylindrical structural units of compact bone, each containing a central Haversian canal.
Question 2: The tricuspid valve is located between which two heart chambers?
- Left atrium and left ventricle
- Right ventricle and pulmonary artery
- Right atrium and right ventricle (Correct answer)
- Left ventricle and aorta
Correct answer: Right atrium and right ventricle
The tricuspid valve has three cusps and guards the right atrioventricular orifice.
Question 3: Which portion of the brain stem controls basic life functions such as heart rate and breathing?
- Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata (Correct answer)
- Cerebellum
Correct answer: Medulla oblongata
The medulla oblongata contains vital autonomic centers that regulate cardiovascular and respiratory functions.
Question 4: The large intestine absorbs primarily which substance from digestive contents?
- Proteins
- Lipids
- Water and electrolytes (Correct answer)
- Carbohydrates
Correct answer: Water and electrolytes
The main function of the large intestine is to reabsorb water and electrolytes, concentrating waste into feces.
Question 5: Which connective tissue structure connects muscle to bone?
- Ligament
- Fascia
- Tendon (Correct answer)
- Aponeurosis
Correct answer: Tendon
Tendons are dense regular connective tissue that transmit the contractile force of muscle to bone.
Question 6: The pleural cavity normally contains which type of fluid?
- Lymph fluid in large amounts
- A small amount of serous fluid (Correct answer)
- Air under pressure
- Cerebrospinal fluid
Correct answer: A small amount of serous fluid
A thin film of serous fluid between the visceral and parietal pleurae reduces friction during breathing.
Question 7: Which structure in the eye is responsible for focusing light by changing shape?
- Cornea
- Retina
- Lens (Correct answer)
- Iris
Correct answer: Lens
The crystalline lens changes curvature through accommodation to focus images on the retina.
Next Structure and Components 3
Compact bone is organized into structural units called: