NEX Biology: Cell Structure and Function 2

Question 1

What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of cellular waste and foreign materials

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Energy production

Answer

DNA replication

Question 2

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, packaging, and shipping proteins to their final destinations?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3

What distinguishes active transport from passive transport across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires energy (ATP); passive transport does not

Answer

Active transport moves only water; passive transport moves only solutes

Answer

Passive transport moves molecules against a concentration gradient; active transport does not

Answer

Active transport only occurs in prokaryotes; passive transport only in eukaryotes

Question 4

What is the primary role of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

Accepted Answer

Lipid synthesis and detoxification

Answer

Protein synthesis and folding

Answer

DNA replication and repair

Answer

ATP production via respiration

Question 5

What is phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

The process by which a cell engulfs large particles or microorganisms

Answer

The release of substances outside the cell via vesicles

Answer

The uptake of fluids and small molecules into the cell

Answer

The passive diffusion of water across the cell membrane

Question 6

What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

To provide structural support and enable cell movement

Answer

To produce energy for cellular activities

Answer

To store and replicate genetic information

Answer

To digest cellular waste materials

Question 7

Which process allows a cell to release substances from secretory vesicles to the outside environment?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Phagocytosis

Answer

Pinocytosis