Neuropathy Neuropathy Causes and Risk Factors 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which systemic disease is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy in the United States?
- Diabetes mellitus (Correct answer)
- Lupus
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Hypothyroidism
Correct answer: Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of peripheral neuropathy in the US, affecting up to 50% of people with diabetes.
Question 2: Which vitamin deficiency is a well-recognized cause of peripheral neuropathy?
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin B12 (Correct answer)
- Vitamin A
Correct answer: Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 deficiency damages the myelin sheath of nerves, causing peripheral neuropathy.
Question 3: Long-term heavy alcohol use causes neuropathy primarily through which mechanism?
- Direct neurotoxicity and nutritional deficiency (Correct answer)
- Autoimmune demyelination
- Vasculitis of vasa nervorum
- Compression by fatty tissue
Correct answer: Direct neurotoxicity and nutritional deficiency
Alcohol causes neuropathy through direct toxic effects on nerves combined with nutritional deficiencies, especially thiamine.
Question 4: Which inherited disorder causes neuropathy due to abnormal myelin protein production?
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (Correct answer)
- Friedreich's ataxia
- Myasthenia gravis
Correct answer: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is the most common inherited neuropathy, caused by mutations affecting myelin proteins.
Question 5: Which infectious disease is a notable cause of mononeuritis multiplex in the United States?
- Measles
- Influenza
- HIV/AIDS (Correct answer)
- Hepatitis A
Correct answer: HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS can cause mononeuritis multiplex through direct viral invasion or opportunistic infections affecting nerves.
Question 6: Uremia-associated neuropathy occurs as a complication of which condition?
- Liver failure
- Chronic kidney disease (Correct answer)
- Heart failure
- Pulmonary fibrosis
Correct answer: Chronic kidney disease
Chronic kidney disease leads to uremic neuropathy due to accumulation of toxins that damage peripheral nerves.
Neuropathy Neuropathy Causes and Risk Factors 1
Which systemic disease is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy in the United States?