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Research & Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards

7 cards from real NES practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Research & Evidence-Based Practice flashcards as text

  1. A researcher studying bullying observes students during lunch without their knowledge. The primary ethical concern is:

    Answer: Failure to obtain informed consent

    Informed consent is a foundational ethical requirement; covert observation of minors raises serious ethical concerns about participant rights.

  2. Which term describes a variable that is manipulated by the researcher to observe its effect?

    Answer: Independent variable

    The independent variable is deliberately manipulated to test its effect on the dependent (outcome) variable.

  3. A principal wants to know whether her school's students differ significantly from the national average on a standardized test. Which statistical test is MOST appropriate?

    Answer: One-sample t-test

    A one-sample t-test compares a sample mean to a known population mean to determine if there is a significant difference.

  4. Triangulation in qualitative research refers to:

    Answer: Combining multiple data sources or methods to enhance credibility

    Triangulation strengthens qualitative findings by cross-checking results from multiple sources, methods, or investigators.

  5. Which action would MOST directly increase the internal validity of an experimental study?

    Answer: Randomly assigning participants to treatment and control groups

    Random assignment controls for pre-existing differences between groups, the most direct way to rule out confounding variables and strengthen internal validity.

  6. A teacher notices that students who sit in the front row score higher on tests and concludes that seat location improves learning. This reasoning reflects:

    Answer: Confounding variable oversight

    The teacher overlooks confounding variables (e.g., motivated students choosing front seats), making the causal inference invalid.

  7. Which publication standard requires researchers to report sufficient detail so others can replicate the study?

    Answer: Transparency and replication standard

    Transparency and replication standards require researchers to fully describe methods, materials, and procedures so independent replication is possible.