Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Exam Respiratory Management 3

Question 1

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is most likely to occur in which infant?

Accepted Answer

Post-term or term infant with fetal distress

Answer

24-week premature infant

Answer

Preterm infant with RDS

Answer

Infant of a diabetic mother without fetal distress

Question 2

What is the correct PEEP range typically used for a neonate with RDS on conventional ventilation?

Accepted Answer

4-6 cm H2O

Answer

0-1 cm H2O

Answer

10-15 cm H2O

Answer

1-2 cm H2O

Question 3

Which chest X-ray finding is classic for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in a premature neonate?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse ground-glass appearance with air bronchograms

Answer

Hyperinflation with flattened diaphragms

Answer

Unilateral consolidation with effusion

Answer

Cardiomegaly with pulmonary edema

Question 4

A neonate receiving CPAP has a sudden increase in FiO2 requirement and bradycardia. The nurse notes muffled heart sounds. What should be suspected?

Accepted Answer

Tension pneumothorax

Answer

Sepsis

Answer

Pulmonary hemorrhage

Answer

Metabolic acidosis

Question 5

Which oxygen saturation target range is recommended for preterm infants less than 35 weeks gestation in the US?

Accepted Answer

91-95%

Answer

85-89%

Answer

98-100%

Answer

80-85%

Question 6

Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention for a neonate with a confirmed choanal atresia causing respiratory distress?

Accepted Answer

Place an oral airway and prepare for surgical repair

Answer

Immediate surfactant administration

Answer

Begin high-flow nasal cannula

Answer

Administer epinephrine