Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Exam Respiratory Management 2

Question 1

Which condition is characterized by a persistent right-to-left shunt through the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale in a term neonate?

Accepted Answer

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)

Answer

Respiratory distress syndrome

Answer

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Answer

Apnea of prematurity

Question 2

Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is used in neonates primarily to:

Accepted Answer

Selectively dilate pulmonary vasculature

Answer

Increase systemic blood pressure

Answer

Decrease cardiac output

Answer

Treat bronchopulmonary dysplasia directly

Question 3

A preterm infant on CPAP has a sudden desaturation with decreased breath sounds on the right. What is the priority action?

Accepted Answer

Obtain chest X-ray and prepare for needle decompression

Answer

Increase FiO2

Answer

Administer surfactant

Answer

Increase CPAP pressure

Question 4

Which drug is first-line for pharmacologic treatment of apnea of prematurity?

Accepted Answer

Caffeine citrate

Answer

Doxapram

Answer

Theophylline

Answer

Aminophylline

Question 5

What does a pre-ductal SpO2 greater than post-ductal SpO2 by more than 10% indicate in a neonate?

Accepted Answer

Right-to-left ductal shunting consistent with PPHN

Answer

Patent ductus arteriosus with left-to-right shunt

Answer

Normal transitional circulation

Answer

Peripheral vascular disease

Question 6

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in a premature infant is defined by the need for supplemental oxygen at:

Accepted Answer

28 days of life or 36 weeks postmenstrual age

Answer

7 days of life

Answer

14 days of life

Answer

Term corrected age only