NEET Ecology and Environment 1

Question 1

What is the term for the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity?

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity

Answer

Biodiversity encompasses genetic diversity within species, species diversity within ecosystems, and ecosystem diversity across the biosphere.

Question 2

In a food chain, which organism is always the producer?

Accepted Answer

Green plant (autotroph)

Answer

Green plants are producers because they synthesize organic matter from inorganic sources through photosynthesis, forming the base of food chains.

Question 3

What is the greenhouse effect primarily caused by in the context of climate change?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of CO2 and other greenhouse gases

Answer

The enhanced greenhouse effect is caused by increased concentrations of CO2, methane, and other gases that trap heat in the atmosphere.

Question 4

Which biogeochemical cycle involves the conversion of atmospheric N2 into usable forms by bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen cycle

Answer

The nitrogen cycle includes nitrogen fixation by bacteria (e.g., Rhizobium) that convert atmospheric N2 into ammonia usable by plants.

Question 5

What is the term for the maximum population size a habitat can sustainably support?

Accepted Answer

Carrying capacity

Answer

Carrying capacity (K) is the maximum population size that an environment can sustain indefinitely given available resources.

NEET - National Eligibility cum Entrance Test Practice Test