NCTRC Program Service Design Questions and Answers 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A CTRS is designing a program for older adults in a long-term care facility who have moderate cognitive impairments. The primary goal is to provide activities that help clients maintain their current abilities and cope with health threats. Which therapeutic recreation practice model BEST aligns with this goal?
- Leisure Ability Model
- Self-Determination and Enjoyment Enhancement Model
- Health Protection/Health Promotion Model (Correct answer)
- Optimizing Lifelong Health Model
Correct answer: Health Protection/Health Promotion Model
The Health Protection/Health Promotion Model's purpose is to help individuals recover from threats to health (health protection) and achieve optimal health (health promotion). [13] For this population, the focus on using activities to cope with health threats and maintain function is the central tenet of the health protection phase of this model. [18, 6]
Question 2: When designing a new leisure education program, a CTRS writes the following objective: "After six sessions, the client will independently identify three leisure resources in their community with 100% accuracy." Which component of the ABCD format for writing objectives is represented by "with 100% accuracy"?
- Audience
- Behavior
- Condition
- Degree (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Degree
In the ABCD format, 'Degree' specifies the standard or criterion for successful performance. 'With 100% accuracy' sets the measurable level of achievement required for the objective. 'Audience' is the client, 'Behavior' is identifying leisure resources, and 'Condition' is after six sessions. [23, 12, 14]
Question 3: A CTRS is planning a gardening group for clients with mental health conditions to improve social skills. To select the most appropriate gardening activities, the CTRS breaks down the tasks of planting seeds, watering, and weeding to examine the physical, social, cognitive, and emotional requirements of each. This process is known as:
- Task Analysis
- Activity Analysis (Correct answer)
- Needs Assessment
- Program Evaluation
Correct answer: Activity Analysis
Activity analysis is the process of breaking down an activity to examine its inherent characteristics and the skills required for participation across multiple domains (physical, social, cognitive, emotional). [4, 2] This allows the CTRS to match the activity's therapeutic potential with client goals. Task analysis is more specific, focusing on breaking down a skill into sequential steps for instruction. [5]
Question 4: Which of the following BEST describes the primary purpose of conducting a task analysis when designing an instructional program for a client?
- To evaluate the overall enjoyment a client gets from the activity.
- To determine the social, physical, and cognitive demands of the activity.
- To break down a specific skill into smaller, sequential steps for teaching. (Correct answer)
- To compare the client's performance against a standardized norm.
Correct answer: To break down a specific skill into smaller, sequential steps for teaching.
Task analysis involves breaking down a complex skill into a sequence of smaller, more manageable steps. [5] This is done to facilitate learning and instruction, allowing the CTRS to teach the skill step-by-step and identify exactly where a client may be having difficulty.
Question 5: A CTRS in a physical rehabilitation center is designing a wheelchair basketball program. The goal is for participants to improve upper body strength and cardiovascular endurance. The CTRS decides to use smaller courts and lower the basketball hoops. This form of program design is known as:
- Activity Substitution
- Resource Augmentation
- Activity Modification/Adaptation (Correct answer)
- Leisure Education
Correct answer: Activity Modification/Adaptation
Activity modification or adaptation involves altering aspects of an activity to allow for successful participation when a client's skills or abilities are limited. [4] In this scenario, changing the court size and hoop height are direct adaptations to the activity of basketball to match the participants' needs and abilities.
Question 6: When designing a program, the CTRS selects interventions and activities based on the best available research, clinical expertise, and the client's preferences and values. This approach to program service design is known as:
- Client-Centered Therapy
- Evidence-Based Practice (Correct answer)
- The Medical Model
- The Leisure Ability Model
Correct answer: Evidence-Based Practice
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is a systematic approach to care that integrates three key components: the best available research evidence, the practitioner's clinical expertise, and the client's unique values and circumstances. This ensures that the designed programs are effective and relevant. [15]
NCTRC Program Service Design Questions and Answers 1
A CTRS is designing a program for older adults in a long-term care facility who have moderate cognitive impairments.
The primary goal is to provide activities that help clients maintain their current abilities and cope with health threats.
Which therapeutic recreation practice model BEST aligns with this goal?