NCTRC NCTRC Foundational Knowledge and Theoretical Frameworks 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which model of therapeutic recreation defines health as a continuum from illness to optimal well-being?
- Health Protection/Health Promotion Model (Correct answer)
- Leisure Ability Model
- Therapeutic Recreation Service Delivery Model
- Self-Determination Theory
Correct answer: Health Protection/Health Promotion Model
The Health Protection/Health Promotion Model by Van Andel places health on a continuum and guides TR specialists in moving clients toward optimal well-being.
Question 2: The Leisure Ability Model developed by Peterson and Gunn identifies three primary components. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
- Functional intervention
- Leisure education
- Recreation participation
- Risk management (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Risk management
The Leisure Ability Model's three components are functional intervention, leisure education, and recreation participation — risk management is not a component.
Question 3: Which international classification system is used in TR practice to describe functioning, disability, and health in a holistic framework?
- DSM-5
- ICF (Correct answer)
- ICD-11
- NANDA
Correct answer: ICF
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) by the WHO provides a universal framework used in TR to describe client functioning holistically.
Question 4: The concept of 'optimal experience' characterized by complete absorption in a challenging activity is known as:
- Self-efficacy
- Flow (Correct answer)
- Intrinsic motivation
- Perceived freedom
Correct answer: Flow
Csikszentmihalyi's concept of 'flow' describes optimal experience where skill level matches challenge level, producing deep engagement.
Question 5: Which therapeutic recreation model emphasizes client self-determination and places the client at the center of all TR services?
- Aristotelian Good Life Model
- Self-Determination and Enjoyment Enhancement Model (Correct answer)
- Leisure Ability Model
- Service Delivery Model
Correct answer: Self-Determination and Enjoyment Enhancement Model
The Self-Determination and Enjoyment Enhancement Model by Dattilo and Kleiber emphasizes that clients have the right to make choices and direct their own TR services.
Question 6: In the history of therapeutic recreation in the United States, which organization was formed in 1966 through the merger of two professional groups?
- ATRA
- NCTRC
- NTRS (Correct answer)
- CTRA
Correct answer: NTRS
The National Therapeutic Recreation Society (NTRS) was formed in 1966 when the Hospital Recreation Section and the Recreation Therapy Section merged under NRPA.
NCTRC NCTRC Foundational Knowledge and Theoretical Frameworks 1
Which model of therapeutic recreation defines health as a continuum from illness to optimal well-being?