NCMHCE Lifespan Development in Counseling 2

Question 1

A counselor is working with a 70-year-old client who expresses fear of becoming a burden to family. According to Erikson's theory, which psychosocial stage conflict is this client most likely navigating?

Accepted Answer

Ego integrity vs. despair

Answer

Ego integrity vs. despair is Erikson's stage for late adulthood (65+), involving reflection on life's meaning and acceptance of one's life as lived.

Question 2

A 15-year-old presents with intense peer conflict and difficulty articulating personal values. Using Marcia's identity status model, which status BEST describes a teen who has not explored nor committed to any identity?

Accepted Answer

Identity diffusion

Answer

Identity diffusion involves neither exploration nor commitment, which is characteristic of adolescents who have not begun actively searching for identity.

Question 3

During a session, a 3-year-old's parent reports the child insists on doing everything 'by myself.' According to Erikson, this child is in which developmental conflict?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy vs. shame and doubt

Answer

Autonomy vs. shame and doubt occurs in toddlerhood (18 months–3 years), when children strive for independence and self-control.

Question 4

A counselor notes that a client in their mid-40s is questioning career choices and feeling unfulfilled despite external success. This presentation is MOST consistent with which developmental concept?

Accepted Answer

Midlife transition

Answer

Midlife transition, as described by Levinson, involves reassessment of life structure and meaning, typically occurring around ages 40–45.

Question 5

A school counselor observes a 9-year-old who is motivated by completing projects and receiving praise for skills. According to Erikson, which developmental task is central at this age?

Accepted Answer

Industry vs. inferiority

Answer

Industry vs. inferiority (ages 6–12) involves children developing competence and pride in their abilities through school and social tasks.

NCMHCE - National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Examination Practice Test

NCMHCE - National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Examination Practice Test

NCMHCE Lifespan Development in Counseling 2