Pediatric Nursing: Growth and Development Flashcards

A preschooler (age 4) believes that the moon follows them when they walk. This thinking reflects:

Answer: Egocentrism

Egocentrism, a feature of Piaget's preoperational stage, is the inability to view situations from another's perspective.

According to Erikson, the school-age child (6-12 years) is working on which task?

Answer: Industry vs. inferiority

School-age children develop industry through mastering skills and accomplishing tasks, with the risk of feeling inferior.

A nurse plans care for a hospitalized preschooler. Which is the most effective approach to reduce fear of bodily harm?

Answer: Use of bandages over puncture sites

Preschoolers fear bodily intrusion and mutilation, so applying a bandage reassures them their body remains intact.

Which fine motor skill is expected of a typical 3-year-old?

Answer: Copying a circle

A 3-year-old can typically copy a circle, while more complex drawing and writing come later.

A school-age child asks detailed questions about death. The nurse understands that children this age typically:

Answer: Understand death as permanent and universal

By school age, children grasp that death is final, irreversible, and happens to everyone.

At what age can a child typically hop on one foot and use scissors well?

Answer: 4-5 years

Hopping on one foot and competent scissor use are expected of the 4- to 5-year-old.

A preschooler insists on the same bedtime story every night. The nurse explains this reflects:

Answer: The importance of ritual and routine

Rituals and routines provide preschoolers a sense of security and control.