National Counselor Exam Prep Flashcards

According to Erik Erikson, the primary conflict of adolescence is:

Answer: Identity vs. Role Confusion

Erikson's fifth stage (adolescence) centers on developing a coherent sense of self versus experiencing role confusion.

A counselor using the Adlerian concept of 'social interest' is focusing on:

Answer: The client's sense of belonging and contribution to society

Adler's Gemeinschaftsgefühl (social interest) reflects an individual's sense of community feeling and desire to contribute to the greater good.

In group counseling, 'universality' refers to:

Answer: Members realizing their problems are not unique

Yalom identified universality as a therapeutic factor in which members gain relief by recognizing others share similar struggles.

The Holland Occupational Themes (RIASEC) model is used primarily in:

Answer: Career counseling and vocational assessment

Holland's RIASEC model categorizes personalities and work environments into six types to facilitate career decision-making.

A client repeatedly arrives late and forgets homework assignments. A psychodynamically oriented counselor would most likely interpret this as:

Answer: Resistance

In psychodynamic theory, resistance refers to unconscious processes that obstruct therapeutic progress, often manifesting as lateness or forgetting.

Which measure of central tendency is most affected by extreme scores (outliers)?

Answer: Mean

The mean incorporates all values in its calculation, so extreme scores pull it significantly up or down.

The ACA Code of Ethics requires counselors to provide clients with informed consent that includes:

Answer: Information about the counselor's theoretical orientation, fees, and limits of confidentiality

Informed consent must cover the nature of counseling, credentials, fees, confidentiality limits, and clients' rights.