Counseling Theory Flashcards
7 cards from real NCE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Counseling Theory flashcards as text
In Existential therapy, 'existential anxiety' (Angst) is best understood as:
Answer: An inevitable part of being human confronted with freedom and responsibility
Existential anxiety arises from confronting the fundamental conditions of existence — freedom, isolation, meaninglessness, and mortality — and is viewed as normal and unavoidable.
The technique of 'paradoxical intention,' associated with Viktor Frankl's logotherapy, involves:
Answer: Having the client intentionally wish for or exaggerate the feared symptom
In paradoxical intention, the client is encouraged to intend or wish for the very thing they fear, which often reduces anticipatory anxiety by removing the fear-of-fear cycle.
According to Carl Rogers, which condition occurs when a person's self-concept is inconsistent with their actual experience?
Answer: Incongruence
Incongruence in Rogers's theory refers to the gap between the self-concept (who one believes they are) and organismic experience (what one actually feels), which leads to psychological distress.
In Structural Family Therapy (Minuchin), an 'enmeshed' family subsystem is characterized by:
Answer: Diffuse boundaries with excessive closeness and poor individual autonomy
Enmeshment describes diffuse, blurred boundaries where family members are overly involved, limiting individual autonomy and differentiation.
A client reports feeling anxious whenever they board a plane, despite knowing rationally that air travel is safe. A behaviorist would most likely attribute this to:
Answer: Classical conditioning linking planes to a previously experienced fearful event
From a behavioral perspective, phobias typically result from classical conditioning in which a neutral stimulus (airplane) becomes associated with a fear-producing unconditioned stimulus.
Which of the following is the PRIMARY goal of reality therapy as developed by William Glasser?
Answer: Assisting clients in meeting their basic needs through responsible choices
Reality therapy focuses on helping clients identify their needs, evaluate whether their current behaviors are meeting those needs, and make more responsible choices.
In object relations theory, 'splitting' is a defense mechanism where the client:
Answer: Views people and situations as all good or all bad without integrating both
Splitting is a primitive defense in which the person fails to integrate positive and negative qualities of self and others, resulting in black-and-white thinking.