NCCPA Pharmacology 2

Question 1

A patient on warfarin is started on fluconazole. What is the expected effect on INR?

Accepted Answer

INR increases due to CYP2C9 inhibition

Answer

INR decreases due to enzyme induction

Answer

INR is unchanged as there is no interaction

Answer

INR decreases due to reduced warfarin absorption

Question 2

Which beta-blocker is most cardioselective and preferred in a patient with reactive airway disease who requires beta-blockade?

Accepted Answer

Metoprolol succinate

Answer

Propranolol

Answer

Carvedilol

Answer

Labetalol

Question 3

A patient taking lithium develops polyuria and polydipsia. Which medication can reduce lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

Accepted Answer

Amiloride

Answer

Furosemide

Answer

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer

Spironolactone

Question 4

Which opioid analgesic is contraindicated in patients with renal failure due to accumulation of a toxic metabolite?

Accepted Answer

Meperidine

Answer

Fentanyl

Answer

Hydromorphone

Answer

Methadone

Question 5

A patient on isoniazid develops peripheral neuropathy. What is the recommended treatment?

Accepted Answer

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation

Answer

Vitamin B12 supplementation

Answer

Folate supplementation

Answer

Thiamine supplementation

Question 6

Which class of antibiotics inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins?

Accepted Answer

Beta-lactams

Answer

Fluoroquinolones

Answer

Macrolides

Answer

Aminoglycosides

Question 7

A patient with gout is started on allopurinol. What is its mechanism of action?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits xanthine oxidase, reducing uric acid synthesis

Answer

Increases uric acid excretion by the kidney

Answer

Blocks urate reabsorption in the proximal tubule

Answer

Neutralizes uric acid crystals in joints