NCCAP Physical Activities 5 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which model guides activity professionals in understanding that physical, cognitive, social, and spiritual needs are all interconnected?
- The Medical Model
- The Holistic Care Model (Correct answer)
- The Behavioral Model
- The Institutional Care Model
Correct answer: The Holistic Care Model
The Holistic Care Model recognizes that well-being requires addressing physical, psychosocial, cognitive, and spiritual dimensions together.
Question 2: What is the safest way to guide a resident through seated range-of-motion (ROM) exercises for the shoulder?
- Move the joint quickly through its full range to prevent stiffness
- Guide slow, controlled movements within the resident's pain-free range (Correct answer)
- Apply firm overpressure at end range to increase flexibility quickly
- Skip shoulder exercises for residents with any diagnosed shoulder condition
Correct answer: Guide slow, controlled movements within the resident's pain-free range
Slow, controlled movements within the pain-free range protect joint integrity and prevent injury during ROM exercises.
Question 3: A resident taking diuretics participates in a 45-minute exercise group on a warm day. The activity professional's primary safety concern should be:
- Excessive muscle gain from the activity
- Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance (Correct answer)
- Overstimulation of the immune system
- Development of exercise-induced asthma
Correct answer: Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
Diuretics increase fluid and electrolyte loss; combined with sweat during exercise in warm conditions, this significantly raises dehydration risk.
Question 4: Which activity modification best supports a resident who has had a stroke with left-sided hemiplegia?
- Restrict the resident to activities using only the unaffected right side
- Incorporate bilateral movement tasks that engage both sides, with adaptations for the affected limb (Correct answer)
- Avoid all physical activity until full function returns
- Focus exclusively on cognitive activities since physical activity is contraindicated
Correct answer: Incorporate bilateral movement tasks that engage both sides, with adaptations for the affected limb
Bilateral and cross-body exercises promote neuroplasticity and functional recovery in post-stroke hemiplegia.
Question 5: When evaluating the effectiveness of a physical activity program, an activity professional should primarily use:
- The number of programs offered per week
- Pre- and post-assessments of functional outcomes and resident satisfaction (Correct answer)
- The cost per session as a primary quality measure
- Feedback only from nursing staff, not residents
Correct answer: Pre- and post-assessments of functional outcomes and resident satisfaction
Outcome measurement through functional assessments and resident satisfaction surveys demonstrates program effectiveness and guides improvements.
Question 6: Which of the following exercises is most appropriate for a resident who is at high risk for falls and currently uses a walker?
- Unassisted treadmill walking at moderate speed
- Seated marching with arm raises while stabilized in a chair (Correct answer)
- Plyometric jump training to build reactive strength
- Balance beam walking without supervision
Correct answer: Seated marching with arm raises while stabilized in a chair
Seated marching with arm raises builds lower extremity strength and coordination while eliminating fall risk for a high-risk resident.
Question 7: An activity professional discovers that a physical activity program is not aligned with the care plan goals established by the interdisciplinary team. The best course of action is to:
- Continue the program unchanged since residents enjoy it
- Revise the activity program to reflect the care plan goals and document the update (Correct answer)
- Discontinue all physical programming until a new care plan is written
- Ask the nursing staff to change the care plan to match the current program
Correct answer: Revise the activity program to reflect the care plan goals and document the update
Activity programs must be consistent with and support the individualized care plan, requiring revision and documentation when gaps are identified.
NCCAP Physical Activities 5
Which model guides activity professionals in understanding that physical, cognitive, social, and spiritual needs are all interconnected?