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NCAE Scientific Ability and Critical Thinking Flashcards

6 cards from real NCAE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a valid scientific experiment?

    Answer: It produces results that support the researcher's belief

    A valid scientific experiment must be objective and not designed to confirm a predetermined belief. It should have a control group, test one variable at a time, and be replicable by other scientists.

  2. A student claims that listening to music helps memorize vocabulary words. Which experimental design would best test this claim?

    Answer: Have one group study with music and compare their scores to a group that studied without music

    The best experimental design compares two groups: one that receives the treatment (studying with music) and one that does not (control group). This allows the researcher to isolate the effect of music on memorization.

  3. Which logical fallacy occurs when someone attacks the person making an argument rather than the argument itself?

    Answer: Ad hominem fallacy

    An ad hominem fallacy occurs when someone attacks the character or personal traits of the person making an argument instead of addressing the argument's content. This is a common logical error in debates.

  4. What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?

    Answer: Energy production through cellular respiration

    Mitochondria are often called the 'powerhouse of the cell' because they produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration. ATP is the main energy currency used by cells for various functions.

  5. Which of the following statements about atoms is correct?

    Answer: Electrons have a negative charge and orbit the nucleus

    Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. The nucleus contains protons (positively charged) and neutrons (no charge).

  6. A barangay health worker notices that dengue cases increase during the rainy season. What type of relationship does this suggest?

    Answer: Positive correlation

    This suggests a positive correlation: as rainfall increases, dengue cases also increase. However, correlation alone does not prove causation. The likely mechanism involves mosquito breeding in stagnant water.