NBME Physiology 2

Question 1

A patient has a cardiac output of 6 L/min and a heart rate of 75 bpm. What is the stroke volume?

Accepted Answer

80 mL

Answer

50 mL

Answer

100 mL

Answer

120 mL

Question 2

During isovolumetric contraction, which valves are open?

Accepted Answer

Neither aortic nor mitral valves

Answer

Aortic valve only

Answer

Mitral valve only

Answer

Both aortic and mitral valves

Question 3

Which condition causes a leftward shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?

Accepted Answer

Alkalosis

Answer

Increased temperature

Answer

Increased 2,3-DPG

Answer

Increased PaCO2

Question 4

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction primarily serves to:

Accepted Answer

Redirect blood to better-ventilated lung segments

Answer

Increase overall pulmonary blood flow

Answer

Decrease mean pulmonary arterial pressure

Answer

Increase alveolar dead space

Question 5

In the West lung zones, which pressure relationship defines Zone 1?

Accepted Answer

Alveolar > arterial > venous

Answer

Arterial > alveolar > venous

Answer

Arterial > venous > alveolar

Answer

Venous > arterial > alveolar

Question 6

A patient develops acute hypoventilation. Which blood gas change occurs FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Increased PaCO2

Answer

Decreased PaO2

Answer

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Increased pH

Question 7

Which vessel type is the primary determinant of systemic vascular resistance?

Accepted Answer

Arterioles

Answer

Large elastic arteries

Answer

Venules

Answer

Capillaries