NBEO Pharmacology & Ocular Disease Treatment 2

Question 1

What medications are used to treat allergic conjunctivitis?

Accepted Answer

Topical antihistamine/mast cell stabilizer combination drops (e.g., olopatadine, ketotifen) and cold compresses

Answer

Oral antibiotics

Answer

Topical steroids as first line

Answer

Pupil-dilating drops

Question 2

What is the treatment for herpes simplex keratitis?

Accepted Answer

Topical antiviral medication (trifluridine or ganciclovir gel) and possibly oral antiviral therapy; corticosteroids require careful management

Answer

Topical antibiotics only

Answer

No treatment is needed

Answer

Surgical removal of the cornea

Question 3

What are artificial tears and when are they prescribed?

Accepted Answer

Lubricating eye drops that supplement the natural tear film, prescribed for dry eye disease, post-surgical care, and contact lens discomfort

Answer

Drops that increase tear production permanently

Answer

Antibacterial eye drops

Answer

Drops that dilate the pupil

Question 4

What is the role of punctal plugs in dry eye treatment?

Accepted Answer

Small devices inserted into the tear drainage openings to retain tears on the eye surface longer

Answer

Plugs inserted into the ear canal

Answer

Devices used during surgery

Answer

Contact lens accessories

Question 5

What is the pharmacological treatment for acute angle-closure glaucoma?

Accepted Answer

Emergency IOP reduction with topical beta-blockers, alpha-agonists, pilocarpine, and oral or IV acetazolamide, followed by laser iridotomy

Answer

Wait and observe without treatment

Answer

Topical antibiotics only

Answer

Warm compresses and rest

Question 6

What topical NSAIDs are used in optometric practice?

Accepted Answer

Ketorolac, bromfenac, and nepafenac, used for post-surgical inflammation, seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, and pain management

Answer

NSAIDs are not available in eye drop form

Answer

Only oral NSAIDs are used in eye care

Answer

Topical NSAIDs are used only for glaucoma