NBE Cardiac Anatomy & Physiology

Question 1

Which cardiac valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

Accepted Answer

Mitral valve

Answer

The mitral (bicuspid) valve is the atrioventricular valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle.

Question 2

The normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) range is approximately:

Accepted Answer

55–70%

Answer

A normal LVEF is generally accepted as 55–70%, reflecting adequate systolic function of the left ventricle.

Question 3

Which structure separates the right and left atria?

Accepted Answer

Interatrial septum

Answer

The interatrial septum is the wall dividing the right atrium from the left atrium.

Question 4

The papillary muscles of the left ventricle attach to the mitral valve leaflets via which structures?

Accepted Answer

Chordae tendineae

Answer

Chordae tendineae are fibrous cords connecting papillary muscles to the mitral (and tricuspid) valve leaflets, preventing prolapse.

Question 5

Which coronary artery most commonly supplies the sinoatrial (SA) node?

Accepted Answer

Right coronary artery

Answer

In approximately 60% of individuals, the SA node is supplied by the right coronary artery (RCA).

(NBE) National Board of Echocardiography Practice Test