NBDHE NBDHE Management of Special Needs Patients 2

Question 1

A patient with Down syndrome presents for a routine cleaning. Which cardiac condition is most commonly associated with Down syndrome that requires antibiotic prophylaxis consideration?

Accepted Answer

Atrioventricular septal defect

Answer

Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is the most common congenital heart defect in patients with Down syndrome, occurring in approximately 40% of cases.

Question 2

When treating a patient with cerebral palsy, which positioning modification is most important during dental treatment?

Accepted Answer

Keeping the patient in a semi-upright position to reduce involuntary movements

Answer

A semi-upright position helps minimize involuntary movements and reduces the risk of aspiration in patients with cerebral palsy.

Question 3

A patient with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is scheduled for a dental appointment. Which desensitization technique is most effective for reducing anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Using a tell-show-do approach with repeated pre-visit exposures

Answer

Tell-show-do combined with repeated pre-visit exposures (desensitization visits) is the most effective behavioral approach for patients with ASD.

Question 4

Which of the following blood disorders requires the dental hygienist to obtain a current INR before performing scaling procedures?

Accepted Answer

Warfarin anticoagulation therapy

Answer

Patients on warfarin therapy require a current INR (ideally below 3.5) before invasive dental procedures to assess bleeding risk.

Question 5

A patient with multiple sclerosis reports xerostomia as a side effect of their medication. Which oral health complication is of primary concern?

Accepted Answer

Elevated caries risk due to reduced salivary buffering capacity

Answer

Xerostomia reduces salivary buffering and antimicrobial properties, significantly increasing the risk of dental caries.

NBDHE Test Practice Test

NBDHE Test Practice Test

NBDHE NBDHE Management of Special Needs Patients 2