NBDHE NBDHE Head and Neck Anatomy 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The stylohyoid ligament is a remnant of which pharyngeal arch cartilage?
- First arch (Meckel's cartilage)
- Second arch (Reichert's cartilage) (Correct answer)
- Third arch cartilage
- Fourth arch cartilage
Correct answer: Second arch (Reichert's cartilage)
The stylohyoid ligament is a fibrous remnant of the second pharyngeal arch (Reichert's) cartilage, extending from the styloid process to the lesser horn of the hyoid.
Question 2: Which nerve is anesthetized by an inferior alveolar nerve block that also blocks the lingual nerve?
- Long buccal nerve
- Posterior superior alveolar nerve
- Lingual nerve (Correct answer)
- Mental nerve
Correct answer: Lingual nerve
During an inferior alveolar nerve block, the lingual nerve lies just anteromedial to the inferior alveolar nerve and is anesthetized by diffusion of anesthetic solution.
Question 3: Which structure passes through the parotid gland without contributing to it?
- Parotid duct
- Facial nerve (CN VII)
- External carotid artery
- All of the above (Correct answer)
Correct answer: All of the above
The facial nerve, external carotid artery, retromandibular vein, and auriculotemporal nerve all pass through the parotid gland without being parotid secretory tissue.
Question 4: The nasal septum is formed by contributions from which structures?
- Vomer and perpendicular plate of the ethmoid only
- Vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid, and septal cartilage (Correct answer)
- Vomer and nasal bones
- Perpendicular plate of palatine and vomer
Correct answer: Vomer, perpendicular plate of ethmoid, and septal cartilage
The bony nasal septum is composed of the vomer inferoposteriorly and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid superiorly, with the septal (quadrangular) cartilage completing the anterior septum.
Question 5: Which muscle is responsible for elevating the soft palate during swallowing?
- Tensor veli palatini
- Levator veli palatini (Correct answer)
- Palatoglossus
- Musculus uvulae
Correct answer: Levator veli palatini
The levator veli palatini elevates the soft palate to close off the nasopharynx during swallowing, preventing nasal regurgitation.
Question 6: The superior orbital fissure transmits which cranial nerves?
- CN II, III, IV
- CN III, IV, V1, VI (Correct answer)
- CN V1, V2, VI
- CN II, V1, VI
Correct answer: CN III, IV, V1, VI
The superior orbital fissure transmits CN III (oculomotor), CN IV (trochlear), CN V1 (ophthalmic division), and CN VI (abducens), along with sympathetic fibers and ophthalmic veins.
Question 7: The pterygomandibular raphe serves as the attachment for which two muscles?
- Masseter and temporalis
- Buccinator and superior pharyngeal constrictor (Correct answer)
- Medial pterygoid and buccinator
- Pterygoid and palatopharyngeus
Correct answer: Buccinator and superior pharyngeal constrictor
The pterygomandibular raphe is a fibrous band that serves as the common attachment point for the buccinator anteriorly and the superior pharyngeal constrictor posteriorly.
NBDHE NBDHE Head and Neck Anatomy 4
The stylohyoid ligament is a remnant of which pharyngeal arch cartilage?