NBDHE Pharmacology in Dental Hygiene 2

Question 1

Which analgesic should be avoided in a patient with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD/Samter's triad)?

Accepted Answer

Ibuprofen and all NSAIDs (including aspirin)

Answer

Acetaminophen (paracetamol)

Answer

Codeine

Answer

Tramadol

Question 2

The opioid analgesic codeine exerts its analgesic effect by being converted to:

Accepted Answer

Morphine via hepatic CYP2D6 enzyme

Answer

Oxycodone directly

Answer

Hydromorphone peripherally

Answer

Fentanyl in the CNS

Question 3

A patient is taking warfarin (Coumadin) for atrial fibrillation. If the dental hygienist recommends ibuprofen for post-procedural pain, what is the primary drug interaction concern?

Accepted Answer

NSAIDs inhibit platelet aggregation and may displace warfarin from plasma proteins, increasing bleeding risk

Answer

Ibuprofen enhances warfarin's metabolism, reducing its anticoagulant effect

Answer

NSAIDs directly counteract warfarin at the receptor level

Answer

There is no clinically significant interaction

Question 4

Which antihypertensive drug class is MOST likely to cause gingival enlargement?

Accepted Answer

Calcium channel blockers (particularly nifedipine)

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Diuretics (thiazides)

Question 5

Nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation (N2O/O2) used in dental hygiene is classified as which level of sedation?

Accepted Answer

Minimal sedation (anxiolysis) — patient fully conscious and responsive

Answer

Moderate sedation (conscious sedation) — patient depressed but arousable

Answer

Deep sedation — patient barely arousable

Answer

General anesthesia — patient unconscious

Question 6

A patient taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depression is at increased risk for which dental treatment complication?

Accepted Answer

Increased bleeding tendency due to impaired platelet serotonin uptake and aggregation

Answer

Reduced local anesthetic efficacy

Answer

Malignant hyperthermia with epinephrine

Answer

Bradycardia with vasoconstrictors