NBDHE Oral Pathology and Disease Recognition 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Fordyce spots are ectopic sebaceous glands most commonly found on which oral structure?
- Dorsal tongue
- Buccal mucosa and lips (Correct answer)
- Hard palate
- Floor of mouth
Correct answer: Buccal mucosa and lips
Fordyce spots appear as yellowish-white granules on the buccal mucosa and lips and are a normal anatomical variant.
Question 2: Which oral manifestation is most characteristic of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?
- Painless white patches
- Widespread vesicles and ulcers with fever and lymphadenopathy (Correct answer)
- Blue-black gingival discoloration
- Painless red ulcers on hard palate
Correct answer: Widespread vesicles and ulcers with fever and lymphadenopathy
Primary HSV-1 infection presents with multiple vesicles that rupture into ulcers, accompanied by fever, malaise, and cervical lymphadenopathy.
Question 3: Kaposi's sarcoma in the oral cavity appears most frequently on which structure?
- Lateral tongue
- Buccal mucosa
- Hard palate and gingiva (Correct answer)
- Floor of mouth
Correct answer: Hard palate and gingiva
Oral Kaposi's sarcoma, associated with HHV-8 in immunocompromised patients, most commonly presents as a red-purple lesion on the hard palate and gingiva.
Question 4: A bony, hard, sessile nodule on the midline of the hard palate is called:
- Torus mandibularis
- Torus palatinus (Correct answer)
- Exostosis
- Osteoma
Correct answer: Torus palatinus
Torus palatinus is a benign bony exostosis located on the midline of the hard palate and requires no treatment unless it interferes with a prosthesis.
Question 5: Which systemic condition is associated with gingival fibromatosis and multiple odontomas?
- Down syndrome
- Addison's disease
- Gardner syndrome (Correct answer)
- Von Recklinghausen disease
Correct answer: Gardner syndrome
Gardner syndrome is characterized by colorectal polyposis, osteomas, epidermoid cysts, and multiple odontomas.
Question 6: Erythroplakia carries a greater risk of malignant transformation compared to leukoplakia because:
- It is always infected with Candida
- It shows a higher rate of severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ (Correct answer)
- It always involves the floor of the mouth
- It is caused by tobacco exclusively
Correct answer: It shows a higher rate of severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
Erythroplakia has a malignant transformation rate of up to 90%, far exceeding that of leukoplakia, due to the high prevalence of severe epithelial dysplasia.
NBDHE Oral Pathology and Disease Recognition 2
Fordyce spots are ectopic sebaceous glands most commonly found on which oral structure?