Mixed Deck — All NBCOT Topics Flashcards

A client with low vision is having difficulty reading medication labels at home. The OT addresses the physical environment by recommending high-contrast labels and improved lighting. This intervention targets which context?

Answer: Physical environment

The physical environment encompasses the natural and built surroundings—including lighting and object characteristics—that can be modified to support occupational performance.

The Kawa (River) Model of occupational therapy was developed primarily to reflect the values and worldview of which cultural context?

Answer: Japanese

The Kawa Model was developed by Michael Iwama and colleagues in Japan to reflect a collectivist, non-Western worldview where life is conceptualized as a river.

A therapist is selecting an orthotic for a client with radial nerve palsy. Which device is most appropriate?

Answer: Dynamic wrist extension splint

Radial nerve palsy causes wrist drop; a dynamic wrist extension splint positions the wrist in extension and allows functional hand use.

The 'just right challenge' principle, emphasized in sensory integration theory, describes:

Answer: Offering tasks that are slightly beyond current ability to promote adaptive responses and neural organization

Ayres proposed that activities pitched just above current ability elicit adaptive responses that promote sensory integration and skill development.

An OT leading a task group notices one member consistently dominates while another withdraws entirely. The MOST therapeutically appropriate response is to:

Answer: Process the group's interaction pattern and invite reflection from all members

Processing the group's interaction pattern harnesses the unique therapeutic power of the group itself, allowing members to develop interpersonal awareness and practice social skills. Direct redirection may occasionally be necessary but group-level processing is more therapeutically rich.

An OT interprets a client's grip strength as 18 kg on the dominant hand (age-matched norm: 45 kg). In analyzing functional impact, the therapist should FIRST consider:

Answer: How this strength deficit affects the client's ability to perform valued work and daily tasks

Grip strength deficits must be interpreted in relation to their impact on the client's valued work and daily occupational performance.

An OT working in a school setting is approached by a parent who asks for the child's evaluation results. The child is 15 years old. What governs this situation?

Answer: FERPA, which gives parents access rights to educational records for minor students

In educational settings, FERPA governs student records, and parents generally retain rights to access educational records for students under 18.

A client with multiple sclerosis reports fatigue that worsens throughout the day and limits her ability to complete household tasks. According to the OTPF, fatigue is classified under which category of client factors?

Answer: Neuromusculoskeletal functions

Fatigue related to neuromuscular conditions is classified under neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions in the OTPF body functions.

In the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement (CMOP-E), the triangle's three occupational performance components are:

Answer: Self-care, productivity, and leisure

CMOP-E categorizes occupations into self-care, productivity, and leisure as the three broad domains of occupational performance.

A therapist in an outpatient hand clinic must complete an 'Outcome Measure' at defined intervals for Medicare billing. Which requirement governs this?

Answer: G-code functional limitation reporting / MIPS

Medicare requires functional outcome measurement reporting through G-codes or MIPS (Merit-based Incentive Payment System) to track therapy outcomes and quality.

Which assessment tool uses direct observation of task performance to measure both motor and process skills?

Answer: AMPS

The Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) uses standardized observation of ADL/IADL tasks to measure motor and process skill quality.

An OT uses the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) to guide intervention. A client states they 'used to love cooking but don't feel capable anymore' since their injury. This statement MOST reflects a change in which MOHO component?

Answer: Volition — personal causation

Personal causation within MOHO volition refers to a person's sense of their own effectiveness and belief in their capacity to perform.

A client recovering from a stroke has difficulty grading the force used when picking up fragile objects, often crushing paper cups. This BEST represents an impairment in which performance skill?

Answer: Motor skill — calibrates

The AMPS motor skill 'calibrates' refers to the ability to regulate force, speed, and extent of movement during task performance.

A school-based OT receives a request to evaluate a kindergartner referred by the teacher for handwriting difficulties. What is the FIRST step the OT should take?

Answer: Determine if the child is eligible under IDEA and obtain parental consent

Under IDEA, parental consent must be obtained and eligibility determined before any formal evaluation or OT services can begin in the school setting.

A client in a work skills group repeatedly sabotages others' projects. According to group role theory, this client is exhibiting:

Answer: An anti-group (dysfunctional) role

Anti-group or dysfunctional roles include behaviors that impede group progress, such as blocking, aggression, or sabotage. Task roles facilitate work completion; maintenance roles support group cohesion; neither category describes destructive behavior.

A client with COPD is learning energy conservation during home management tasks. The BEST example of work simplification is:

Answer: Sliding heavy items along the counter rather than lifting them

Work simplification reduces the physical effort of a task by changing the method, such as sliding instead of lifting to minimize exertion.

An OT is evaluating upper extremity edema using volumetric water displacement. The affected hand displaces 425 mL and the unaffected hand displaces 380 mL. What is the percent difference in volume?

Answer: About 12%

The difference is 45 mL; 45/380 × 100 ≈ 11.8%, which rounds to approximately 12% greater volume in the affected hand.

In MOHO, 'occupational identity' is described as a person's sense of:

Answer: Who they are and wish to become as occupational beings

Occupational identity in MOHO represents the cumulative sense of who one is and desires to become, shaped through one's history of occupational participation.

When selecting an assessment tool, a therapist considers whether it consistently measures the same construct across multiple administrations. This refers to:

Answer: Reliability

Reliability refers to the consistency and reproducibility of a measurement tool across time, raters, and repeated administrations.

During a home assessment for a client with low vision, the OT evaluates contrast sensitivity. Which tool is most appropriate for this assessment?

Answer: Pelli-Robson Contrast Sensitivity Chart

The Pelli-Robson Contrast Sensitivity Chart is specifically designed to measure contrast sensitivity across a range of levels.